🌍 Earth

Aurora Borealis: Solar Wind & Magnetosphere InteractionNewA physically-grounded 3D aurora simulator: solar-wind particles funnel along Earth's dipole… Caldera Formation SimulatorNewAn interactive 3D simulator where draining a magma chamber beneath a volcanic cone pushes… Drought & Precipitation Cycle SimulatorNewInteractive soil-moisture bucket model — stochastic rainfall, evapotranspiration and runoff… Eruption Style ClassifierNewTune magma viscosity and volatile (gas) content and watch a 3D volcano classify the… Escape Velocity & Gravity WellsNewLaunch a projectile from the Moon, Earth or Jupiter and watch Newtonian gravity decide its… Flood Risk SimulatorNewAn illustrative flood-risk model: rainfall intensity and sea-level rise drive a simulated… Ice-Albedo Feedback LoopNewInteractive ice-albedo feedback simulation — watch melting ice lower Earth's albedo, absorb… Iceberg Drift & MeltNewInteractive iceberg drift and melt simulation — Archimedes flotation, ocean current vs wind… Lahar (Volcanic Mudflow) ModelNewSimulate a lahar — a volcanic mudflow of ash, rock and water — surging down a river valley,… Lava Flow ModelNewModel lava as a Bingham plastic fluid flowing over 3D terrain, forming lobes, channels and… Mangrove Coastal ProtectionNewMangrove wave attenuation simulator — compare a coastline with a mangrove root fringe… Permafrost Thaw & Methane ReleaseNewSimulate permafrost thaw — active-layer deepening via the Stefan equation, methane bubble… Pyroclastic Flow SimulatorNewTrigger an eruption-column or lava-dome collapse and watch a superheated, ground-hugging… Pāhoehoe vs ʻAʻā LavaNewDrag viscosity, shear-rate and cooling sliders to watch a basaltic lava flow transition in… Solar Wind & MagnetosphereNewSimulate the solar wind slamming into Earth's magnetic field: bow shock formation,… Volcanic Ash Dispersal ModelNewSimulate a volcanic ash plume rising from an eruption column and spreading downwind at… Volcano Types ExplorerNewInteractive 3D cross-section explorer comparing shield volcano, stratovolcano, cinder cone,… Surface Catalysis — Langmuir-Hinshelwood MechanismNewTwo reactant gases adsorb onto a catalyst surface and react only when neighbors. Watch the… Termite Mound ConstructionNewTermite agents drop pheromone-laced mud pellets and preferentially build where pheromone is… Sand Pile CriticalityNewDrop grains one at a time until the pile self-organises to its critical slope, where… Abelian Sandpile — Self-Organised CriticalityNewDrop grains onto a grid: when a cell reaches 4 grains it topples, triggering avalanches with… Granular Flow — Hopper Discharge & Arch FormationNewSand grains pour through a funnel orifice following Beverloo law Q ~ (D-kd)^2.5. Narrow the… Lagrange Points — Stability & Halo OrbitsNewPlace test masses at L1-L5 equilibrium points of the Earth-Sun system: L4 and L5 are stable… DendrochronologyNewRead tree rings as a climate archive — how annual growth bands record droughts, frosts and… Earthquake FaultNewSet loading rate, friction and fault area on a stick-slip fault, then watch stress build and… Fractal LandscapeNewGenerate realistic mountain terrains using midpoint displacement and diamond-square fractal… Landslide DynamicsNewTune cohesion, friction angle, slope angle and pore pressure on an infinite slope, then… Magnetic NavigationNewExplore how birds, sea turtles and salmon use Earth magnetic field to navigate thousands of… Permafrost ThawNewSet annual and summer air temperatures, thermal conductivity and latent heat, then animate a… Pollen Analysis (Palynology)NewUse fossil pollen grains to reconstruct ancient vegetation and climate from lake sediment cores. Sandstone FormationNewSet burial depth, temperature, initial porosity and grain size, then watch cementation… Soil ProfileNewPick a soil texture and watch the wetting front soak down through O/A/B/C/R horizons,… Wind ErosionNewSet wind friction velocity, grain size and soil moisture, then watch sand transport erupt… Fossil FormationNewTaphonomy and diagenesis: how fossils form through burial, mineralisation and preservation… Planet AtmospheresNewPlanetary atmospheres: scale height, greenhouse effect, escape velocity comparing Venus,… Lava LampNewLava lamp — colourful wax blobs rise, merge and sink. Real-time GLSL metaballs. CentrifugeNewSedimentation under centrifugal force: RCF=ω²r/g and Stokes velocity v=d²(ρ_p−ρ_f)ω²r/(18η)… Coastal ErosionNewWaves approaching at an angle drive longshore drift, eroding headlands and building beaches… Crop RotationNewPlan a multi-year rotation and watch soil nitrogen, pest pressure and yield respond —… Irrigation & Soil Water BalanceNewRun a season-long soil water balance, watch root-zone depletion between field capacity and… Retaining Wall StabilityNewDesign a retaining wall against Rankine active earth pressure. Check overturning (FS≥2),… River Delta FormationNewA river meeting still water drops coarse sediment first and fine sediment further out,… Snow AvalancheNewA slab avalanche fires when stability = strength/stress drops below 1, a fracture races… Solar Flare & CMENewMagnetic reconnection on the Sun releases stored energy as a flare (classed A-X by X-ray… 3D Spherical PendulumNewA bob constrained to a sphere swings, traces rosette orbits, locks into perfect cones — and,… ColloidsNewColloidal particles diffuse by Brownian motion with D = kT/(6πηr). Tune salt to lower the… Ocean TidesNewThe Moon and Sun raise tidal bulges on Earth; their alignment drives spring and neap tides.… River MeandersNewCurvature-driven erosion turns a slight wiggle into deep meanders, until necks pinch off… Van Allen BeltsNewEarth's dipole traps charged particles on bouncing helical paths. Watch protons and… Projectile MotionNewFire a projectile and explore how launch angle, speed, air resistance, and gravity affect… Sand DuneNewBlow wind across a sand bed and watch grains saltate, dunes migrate downwind and vegetation… Rock CycleNewFollow a single rock as heat, pressure, weathering and melting turn it from igneous to… Satellite ConstellationNewSet planes, satellites per plane, inclination and altitude to build a Walker constellation… Seismic Wave Propagation — P-waves, S-waves & Shadow ZoneNewP-wave and S-wave rays refract through Earth's crust, mantle and core via Snell's law,… Volcano EruptionNewRaise chamber pressure and magma viscosity to decide whether the volcano oozes lava or… Sand Pile ModelBak–Tang–Wiesenfeld self-organised criticality. Drop grains of sand onto a grid; cells with… Asteroid DeflectionKinetic impactor planetary defense simulation: apply Δv to an Earth-crossing asteroid and… Orbital ManeuversCompute Δv budgets for Hohmann transfers between Earth orbits. Animated spacecraft… Plate TectonicsDivergent, convergent and transform plate boundaries with earthquakes, subduction and… Groundwater FlowPump a well in a confined or unconfined aquifer and watch Darcy's law draw down the water… Glacier DynamicsAdjust snowfall, temperature and bed slope to see ice flow under Glen's law, watch the… Soil Erosion SimulatorSet rainfall, slope, soil type and land cover to run the RUSLE equation and see which parts… Aurora Borealis — Charged Particles in Earth's MagnetosphereFire solar wind particles at Earth's magnetosphere and follow the Lorentz force spiralling… Granular Materials — Sand Pile & Angle of ReposeSimulate granular materials: drop sand grains, watch the pile grow, measure angle of repose,… Perlin Noise — Procedural Terrain & Texture GeneratorInteractive 2D Perlin noise visualiser with fractional Brownian motion (fBm). Generate… Solar Wind & Earth's Magnetosphere — Bow Shock, Magnetopause, AuroraParticle simulation of the solar wind interacting with Earth's magnetic dipole. Bow shock,… Space Telescope — L2 Lagrange Point & Halo OrbitInteractive simulation of a space telescope at the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point. Visualize… Chladni Figures20 000 sand particles settle at vibration nodes of a plate driven at resonance frequency.… Volcanic Eruption SimulatorControl magma viscosity, gas content and pressure to trigger explosive or effusive… Radio Wave PropagationExplore how radio waves travel: ionospheric refraction bends HF sky waves back to Earth,… Hydrothermal Vents — Black Smoker SimulationSuperheated mineral plumes rise through cold seawater by buoyancy — watch tubeworm colonies… Solar SailSimulate a solar sail spacecraft driven by photon radiation pressure. RK4 orbital… Procedural TexturesGLSL fragment shader procedural textures: marble, wood rings, clouds, fire, Voronoi cells… Earth Energy BalanceZero-dimensional EBM: C·dT/dt = (1−α)·S₀/4 − σεT⁴ + CO₂ forcing. Ice-albedo feedback shifts… Evolutionary Game TheoryHawk-Dove, Prisoner's Dilemma and Rock-Paper-Scissors play out on a spatial grid; imitation… Hexapod WalkerSix-legged robot with per-leg 2-link analytical IK (law of cosines). Tripod gait alternates… Rocket Launch (Tsiolkovsky)Two-stage rocket simulation with live Tsiolkovsky Δv budget. Adjust specific impulse,… Mantle Convection2D Rayleigh-Bénard convection in Earth's mantle: hot fluid rises from the core–mantle… Seismic WavesP-waves and S-waves race through Earth's layers after an earthquake, carving out the… Magic Sand & SmokeDraw with the mouse to create sand, smoke, fire or water. Cellular automaton with gravity,… EarthquakeBuild a brick, steel or wood tower, dial up the magnitude, then hit Earthquake! and see… ☄️ Defend EarthAsteroids are heading for Earth! Use rockets and gravity tractors to save the planet. 🌙 Moon PhasesWatch the Moon travel around Earth and see all 8 phases! Use the slider to explore by day. Car PhysicsRealistic driving with suspension, drift, nitro and particle effects. Navigate rough terrain. Tectonic PlatesAnimated 3D Earth sphere with moving tectonic plates. Mountains rise where plates collide. Sand AutomatonSand, water, fire, wood, acid, smoke. Draw with mouse — watch substance reactions. Lagrange PointsVisualise the five Lagrange points of a two-body system (Sun–Earth, Sun–Jupiter, Earth–Moon,… Terrain GeneratorProcedural terrain using Fractal Brownian Motion (fBm) with Perlin noise, hydraulic erosion,… Sand Dune FormationBarchan dune migration via saltation cellular automaton — Werner model, avalanche dynamics. Plant Growth Simulator — GDD Crop Development ModelAdjust base temperature, soil moisture and photoperiod in a Growing Degree Day crop model —… Procedural TerrainFractal Brownian Motion (fBm) value noise generates infinite heightmaps with biome colours,…