💧 Water

Ocean WavesPopularProcedural ocean via GLSL shaders (Gerstner waves). Adjust wind speed and storm intensity in… SPH FluidPopularFluid simulation via SPH: pressure, viscosity, gravity and wall bouncing. Splash impulse… Car Wash Fluid DynamicsNewAim a high-pressure water jet across a 3D car body — jet pressure, fan angle and standoff… Dishwashing Physics: Surfactants & Grease EmulsificationNewA 3D upgrade on grease-cutting: amphiphilic surfactant molecules lower water's surface… Drought & Precipitation Cycle SimulatorNewInteractive soil-moisture bucket model — stochastic rainfall, evapotranspiration and runoff… Flood Risk SimulatorNewAn illustrative flood-risk model: rainfall intensity and sea-level rise drive a simulated… Glacier Calving DynamicsNewInteractive tidewater glacier simulation — crevasse depth via the Nye criterion, calving… Iceberg Drift & MeltNewInteractive iceberg drift and melt simulation — Archimedes flotation, ocean current vs wind… Kelp Forest GrowthNewKelp fronds grow toward sunlight through the water column — see how light attenuation,… Lahar (Volcanic Mudflow) ModelNewSimulate a lahar — a volcanic mudflow of ash, rock and water — surging down a river valley,… Laundry & Detergent Diffusion SimulatorNewA 3D upgrade on stain kinetics: a real 2D Fickian diffusion field carries dissolving… Phytoplankton Bloom DynamicsNewInteractive NPZ model of a spring phytoplankton bloom — nutrients, phytoplankton and… Sea Level Rise SimulationNewWatch coastal flooding unfold as sea level rises — adjust the emissions scenario and target… Standard Map (Chirikov–Taylor) — Order and Chaos in a Kicked RotorNewInteractive Poincaré-section simulation of the Chirikov-Taylor standard map: watch KAM tori… Surface Tension & Wetting: How Detergents WorkNewSimulate a 3D water droplet on hydrophobic vs hydrophilic surfaces and add surfactant to… Termite Mound ThermoregulationNewA 3D cutaway of a fungus-farming termite mound where buoyancy-driven convection and wind… Dishwashing — Grease-Cutting Surfactant ActionNewSimulate how dish-soap surfactant adsorbs onto a greasy plate and lifts the grease film… Laundry Stain Removal — Detergent KineticsNewModel how a stain fades during a wash cycle. Water temperature, detergent dose and agitation… Fick's Laws of Diffusion — Concentration Gradients & FluxNewWatch particles undergo a real random walk and spread from a concentrated band into a… Fractional Distillation — VLE & the McCabe-Thiele MethodNewWatch a McCabe-Thiele staircase construction show how each theoretical plate enriches vapor… Freezing Point Depression & Boiling Point ElevationNewDissolve a solute and watch both the freezing point drop and boiling point rise by the same… Habitable Zone CalculatorNewAdjust star mass and planet orbital distance to see the circumstellar habitable zone shift,… Hydrogen-Bond Network in Water — Structure & DynamicsNewWatch water molecules constantly form and break a fluctuating hydrogen-bond network — a… Keystone Species & Trophic CascadeNewA three-level food web (predator-grazer-producer, modelled on sea otters, urchins and kelp)… Osmotic Pressure — Van't Hoff Equation & OsmometerNewA membrane osmometer's capillary column rises until hydrostatic pressure balances the… Roche Limit Tidal DisruptionNewWatch a moon stretch and shatter into a debris ring as it crosses the Roche limit around a… Supercritical Fluids — Beyond the Critical PointNewPush temperature and pressure past the critical point and watch the liquid-gas boundary… Surfactants & Micelle Formation — Critical Micelle ConcentrationNewWatch surfactant molecules saturate the water surface, then spontaneously self-assemble into… Hydrogel Swelling MechanicsNewA cross-linked hydrogel network swells by absorbing water. Flory-Rehner theory balances… Ocean Trophic Web DynamicsNewMulti-level ocean food web: phytoplankton → zooplankton → fish → apex predators. Nutrient… Retinal Photoreceptor AdaptationNewRod and cone phototransduction: photons activate rhodopsin → G-protein cascade → cGMP… Rising Bubble in Viscous FluidNewA gas bubble rises through a viscous liquid driven by buoyancy. Stokes drag, Morton number,… Stellar Interior StructureNewSolve the stellar structure equations (mass, pressure, luminosity, temperature gradients)… Foam Drainage — Plateau Borders & Laplace PressureNewLiquid drains from foam through Plateau border channels. Laplace pressure differences drive… Ostwald Ripening — Big Grains Eat Small OnesNewIn a two-phase mixture, large droplets grow at the expense of small ones to reduce total… Urban Heat IslandNewPaint a city grid with asphalt, concrete, grass, water, trees and rooftops. Watch the… Water CausticsNewSunlight refracts through a wavy water surface (Snell's law: n=1.333) and focuses into… Bernoulli PrincipleNewInteractive Venturi tube: watch fluid speed up through a constriction as pressure drops.… Steam & Condensation — Phase TransitionNewParticle simulation of water vapour rising, cooling and condensing into droplets.… Total Internal ReflectionNewDrag the ray angle past the critical angle and watch total internal reflection occur. Snell… Bénard ConvectionNew2D incompressible Navier-Stokes with Boussinesq buoyancy. Watch thermal convection rolls… Arctic Ice SimulationNewModel the seasonal growth and retreat of Arctic sea ice under changing climate conditions. BioluminescenceNewAdjust sync threshold, decay rate and pulse period to watch fireflies and deep-sea organisms… DesalinationNewPush operating pressure and membrane area on a reverse-osmosis unit and see how recovery… Magnetic NavigationNewExplore how birds, sea turtles and salmon use Earth magnetic field to navigate thousands of… Ocean CurrentNewDrag temperature and salinity sliders to set polar-vs-tropical density contrast and watch… Pollen Analysis (Palynology)NewUse fossil pollen grains to reconstruct ancient vegetation and climate from lake sediment cores. Wave Energy ConverterNewSet wave height and period and compare how an oscillating water column and a point absorber… DNA SequencingNewSmith-Waterman sequence alignment, SNP detection and bioinformatics algorithms for DNA… Fluid Pressure — Pascal's Law & HydrostaticsNewAdjust fluid density and container geometry to see pressure grow with depth (P = ρgh),… Ocean CurrentsNewThermohaline circulation, Gulf Stream, Ekman transport and AMOC ocean current dynamics. Ship BuoyancyNewExplore Archimedes principle and ship stability — adjust hull shape, load and water density… Tidal LockingNewSee how tidal forces synchronise a moon rotation to its orbital period — spin down to the… Wave DynamicsNewOcean waves with JONSWAP spectrum, swell propagation, ship motion and wave dispersion. Poker Hand Odds — Texas HoldemNewCalculate pot odds, outs and equity for Texas Holdem hands. See how probability evolves from… Water RipplesNewDrop stones on a calm pool and watch concentric ripples expand and interfere. GLSL height field. Coral BleachingNewThermal stress builds as Degree Heating Weeks pass the bleaching threshold — trigger a… El Niño – Southern OscillationNewWatch the Pacific climate flip between El Niño and La Niña with a delayed-oscillator model.… Hydrogen Fuel CellNewA PEM fuel cell polarization curve: V = E_Nernst − activation (Tafel) − ohmic (iR) −… Irrigation & Soil Water BalanceNewRun a season-long soil water balance, watch root-zone depletion between field capacity and… River Delta FormationNewA river meeting still water drops coarse sediment first and fine sediment further out,… Tidal TurbineNewTidal power from a reversing stream (P=½ρAv³, Betz-capped) or a barrage (P=ρgQH). Flow… Archimedes' PrincipleNewBuoyancy equals the weight of displaced fluid: F_b = ρ·V·g. Drop a cube, sphere or ship-hull… Capillary ActionNewSurface tension pulls liquid up narrow tubes by Jurin's law h = 2γcosθ/(ρgr). Watch the… EutrophicationNewSlowly raise phosphorus loading and a clear lake tips into algal blooms, anoxia and fish… Internet RoutingNewDistance-vector routing (Bellman–Ford/RIP) can count to infinity; link-state (Dijkstra/OSPF)… Ocean TidesNewThe Moon and Sun raise tidal bulges on Earth; their alignment drives spring and neap tides.… River MeandersNewCurvature-driven erosion turns a slight wiggle into deep meanders, until necks pinch off… Surface WettingNewWhy does a droplet spread or bead up? Young's equation sets the contact angle from surface… Lorenz WaterwheelNewTurn a chaotic waterwheel whose equations match the Lorenz system, and watch sigma, Rayleigh… Coral ReefNewWarm the water and watch coral bleach, then cool it and see whether growth outpaces the… Tidal ForcesNewMove a moon inside the Roche limit and watch the difference in gravity across it stretch,… TsunamiNewTrigger a seafloor uplift and watch the wave spread across a shallow-water grid, racing… Fire & SmokeCellular automaton with fire, smoke, ember, ash, wood, water and wall cells. Wind direction,… Molecular Dynamics2D Lennard-Jones molecular dynamics with Velocity-Verlet integrator and Berendsen… Shallow Water EquationsSimulate dam-break, sloshing and tidal waves with a 1D shallow-water solver — watch the… Ocean AcidificationReal carbonate chemistry — pH, aragonite saturation and coral bleaching as atmospheric CO₂… Fish School 3DWatch hundreds of fish flock using Boids algorithm in a pseudo-3D ocean. A predator shark… SPH Dam BreakSimulate a dam break using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Watch a column of water… Hydrogen OrbitalInteractive 3D hydrogen probability densities |ψₙₗₘ|² for quantum numbers n, l, m. Rendered… ElectrolysisSet current, time and electrode reactions to split water, then use Faraday's laws to predict… Groundwater FlowPump a well in a confined or unconfined aquifer and watch Darcy's law draw down the water… Liquid CrystalApply a field to a nematic layer and watch the director field snap over at the Freedericksz… Van der Waals Gas — Real Gas IsothermsTrace real-gas isotherms on a P-V diagram, apply the Maxwell construction to the unphysical… Concrete Mix DesignDesign a concrete mix by water-cement ratio, aggregate and cement content, then read… Soil Erosion SimulatorSet rainfall, slope, soil type and land cover to run the RUSLE equation and see which parts… Crop Growth Model — FAO Radiation-Driven SimulationGrow wheat, maize or soybean under chosen radiation, temperature and water supply, tracking… Kelvin-Helmholtz InstabilityShear two fluid layers past each other and watch the interface roll into the billows and… Osmosis & Turgor Pressure — Cell in SolutionDrop a plant cell into hypotonic or hypertonic solution and watch water cross the membrane,… Phase Diagram — Solid, Liquid & Gas with Triple PointInteractive P-T phase diagram showing solid, liquid and gas regions. Explore the triple… Primordial Nucleosynthesis — Big Bang First 3 MinutesSet the baryon density and watch the first three minutes forge hydrogen, helium and lithium,… 🐊 Crocodile Jump — Projectile Physics for KidsHelp the crocodile jump across the river! Adjust the angle and power — watch the trajectory… 🐘 Elephant Herd — Follow the Leader to Water for KidsGuide an elephant herd across the savanna to find water! Click to set the destination and… 🐸 Pond Frogs — Frogs, Lily Pads & Water Ripples for KidsWatch frogs jump between lily pads on a pond! See water ripples form every time a frog leaps… Leidenfrost Effect — Droplets on a Hot PanHeat a virtual pan past the Leidenfrost point and see a water droplet ride its own vapour… Lung Mechanics — Pulmonary PhysiologyWatch tidal breathing trace a pressure-volume loop, then adjust airway resistance and… Nuclear Reactor — Criticality & ControlManage control rods to keep k_eff = 1. Explore Doppler temperature feedback, power… Bath WavesClick on the water and watch ripples spread across the surface! A simple interactive wave… Lennard-Jones Molecular DynamicsSimulate 2D molecular dynamics with the Lennard-Jones potential. Watch gas, liquid, and… Polar Ice DynamicsSea-ice growth and melt couples to surface albedo feedback — set seasonal insolation and CO₂… Aphotic Zone Light — Beer-Lambert AbsorptionBeer-Lambert absorption strips sunlight wavelength by wavelength with depth — see why the… Hydrothermal Vents — Black Smoker SimulationSuperheated mineral plumes rise through cold seawater by buoyancy — watch tubeworm colonies… Whale Migration — Agent-Based NavigationCetacean pods navigate by magnetic field across ocean basins on seasonal routes — add… 🌊 Waves in a BathtubPress the water and watch waves travel, bounce off walls and cross each other. Real wave… MRI / NMR Physics — Bloch EquationsInteractive MRI/NMR simulator based on Bloch equations. Watch RF pulses tip the net… Sonar & EcholocationRotating sonar sweep simulator. Detect objects in the ocean at various frequencies and… Cloud FormationParticle nucleation model: vapour rises from warm ground, cools at the environmental lapse… Why Ice Floats — Water Density AnomalyMolecular simulation of water showing the hexagonal hydrogen-bond lattice in ice, density… Carbon Cycle4-box carbon cycle: atmosphere ↔ biosphere ↔ ocean surface ↔ deep ocean. Ocean uptake ∝… Protein Folding VisualiserHP lattice model of protein folding on a 22×22 grid. Monte Carlo pivot moves with Metropolis… Swimming HydrodynamicsFour swim strokes (front crawl, breaststroke, butterfly, backstroke) compared via… Seismic WavesP-waves and S-waves race through Earth's layers after an earthquake, carving out the… BalloonsColourful helium balloons float upward. Click to pop with confetti. Pop mode, free float or… Magic Sand & SmokeDraw with the mouse to create sand, smoke, fire or water. Cellular automaton with gravity,… Rain & PuddlesFalling raindrops, ripple rings on puddles, dynamic clouds and optional rainbow. Four… AquariumFish schooling in a 3D aquarium — Boids variants with obstacle avoidance and feeding behaviour. Interactive OceanGLSL: foam, moonlight reflection, Fresnel effect. Presets — calm, storm, ripple, tsunami.… Sand AutomatonSand, water, fire, wood, acid, smoke. Draw with mouse — watch substance reactions. Terrain GeneratorProcedural terrain using Fractal Brownian Motion (fBm) with Perlin noise, hydraulic erosion,… Atmospheric Optics — Rainbows & HalosGeometric optics in water droplets and ice crystals producing rainbows and 22°/46° halos. Atmospheric OpticsFour scenes: Rayleigh sky scattering with sunset colours, rainbow arc physics, 22°… Thermocline & Ocean StratificationInteractive ocean thermocline simulator. Temperature and density layers, sound speed… Thermohaline Circulation — Ocean Conveyor BeltModel the AMOC, deep water formation, and climate sensitivity with interactive sliders Trophic Cascade — Food Web & Population Dynamics SimulatorSimulate a 3-level trophic cascade using Lotka-Volterra ODEs: plants, herbivores,…