Home▸Earth▸Sinkhole Collapse — 2D Critical-Span Model

🕳️ Sinkhole Collapse — 2D Critical-Span Model

A cross-section karst model: an underground cavity dissolves outward while a critical-span collapse formula tracks the roof's factor of safety — tune the dissolution rate, rock cohesion and roof depth and watch exactly when the ground gives way.

Earth2DModerate60 FPS📱 Mobile-adapted⇄ 3D version

This 2D companion trades the 3D version's orbiting camera for a readable cross-section: an underground void grows as water dissolves the surrounding rock, and a classic critical-span formula (Lc = 2√(2·C·t/γ)) compares the roof's strength against the widening span above it. When the span exceeds the critical value the factor of safety drops below 1 and the roof fails — cracks spread across the surface, debris falls into the new opening, and dust bursts mark the moment of collapse.

⚙ Under the hood

2D karst cross-section: dissolution grows a cavity radius over time, a critical-span geotechnical formula tracks the roof's factor of safety, and the surface collapses the instant that safety margin drops below 1.

sinkhole collapsekarstcritical spanfactor of safetyroof collapsegeotechnics

2D · HTML5 Canvas 2D · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install