Pseudocapacitance vs. Electric Double-Layer Capacitance
Charge three nanostructured electrodes under the same current: a porous-carbon EDLC that stores charge by pure ion adsorption, a metal-oxide pseudocapacitor that adds fast surface redox for extra capacity at nearly the same speed, and a battery electrode that stores the most charge but only after slow bulk intercalation.
Three nanostructured supercapacitor electrodes charge and discharge under the same applied current. The porous-carbon EDLC stores charge only by electrostatic ion adsorption at its surface — fast, but limited by surface area. The transition-metal-oxide pseudocapacitor adds a rapid, reversible surface redox step, storing more charge per unit area while staying nearly as fast as the pure EDLC. The battery electrode, shown for contrast, stores the most charge overall but only after slow bulk intercalation deep into the material. Toggle between charging and discharging and watch the live charge-vs-time curves diverge.
Charge three nanostructured supercapacitor electrodes under the same current: a porous-carbon EDLC storing charge by pure ion adsorption, a metal-oxide pseudocapacitor adding fast surface redox for extra capacity at nearly the same speed, and a battery electrode that stores the most charge but only after slow bulk intercalation.
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