🚽 Urodynamic Testing Simulator

Catheter Placement and Bladder Filling

A short placeholder line on catheter setup and filling.

• 50 mL/min: Fill rate (medium fill protocol)
• 2: Catheters used (vesical + rectal)
• ~400 mL: Target capacity (typical adult bladder)
• Water column: Sensor type (or microtip transducer)

Filling cystometry setup

Placeholder text describing catheter and filling steps briefly.

Detrusor Pressure Trace Monitoring

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• Pves − Pabd: Pdet formula (subtracted signal)
• <15 cmH2O: Normal Pdet (during filling)
• Continuous: Sampling (real-time trace)
• cmH2O: Units (standard pressure unit)

Pressure subtraction principle

Placeholder text on isolating true detrusor pressure signal.

Involuntary Contraction (Overactivity) Detection

A short placeholder line on detecting unstable contractions.

• >15 cmH2O: Contraction rise (diagnostic threshold)
• During filling: Timing (unprovoked, involuntary)
• Urgency: Symptom link (often symptomatic)
• ~15%: Prevalence (of urodynamic referrals)

Detrusor overactivity pattern

Placeholder text describing involuntary contraction spikes.

Voiding Phase Flow Rate Measurement

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• >15 mL/s: Normal Qmax (male reference)
• <10 mL/s: Obstructed Qmax (suggestive threshold)
• Flow rate: Measure (mL per second)
• Uroflowmeter: Device (weight or rotating disc)

Uroflowmetry during voiding

Placeholder text on measuring flow rate curve shape.

Obstruction vs Overactivity Pattern Reading

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• High Pdet, low Q: Obstruction sign (pressure-flow nomogram)
• Filling spikes: Overactivity sign (independent of voiding)
• Common: Combined cases (both patterns coexist)
• ICS nomogram: Tool (standard interpretation chart)

Differential nomogram reading

Placeholder text on distinguishing obstruction from overactivity.

Placeholder key insight sentence on combined interpretation value.