Catheter Placement and Bladder Filling
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- 50 mL/min: Fill rate (medium fill protocol)
- 2: Catheters used (vesical + rectal)
- ~400 mL: Target capacity (typical adult bladder)
- Water column: Sensor type (or microtip transducer)
Filling cystometry setup
Placeholder text describing catheter and filling steps briefly.
Detrusor Pressure Trace Monitoring
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- Pves − Pabd: Pdet formula (subtracted signal)
- <15 cmH2O: Normal Pdet (during filling)
- Continuous: Sampling (real-time trace)
- cmH2O: Units (standard pressure unit)
Pressure subtraction principle
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Involuntary Contraction (Overactivity) Detection
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- >15 cmH2O: Contraction rise (diagnostic threshold)
- During filling: Timing (unprovoked, involuntary)
- Urgency: Symptom link (often symptomatic)
- ~15%: Prevalence (of urodynamic referrals)
Detrusor overactivity pattern
Placeholder text describing involuntary contraction spikes.
Voiding Phase Flow Rate Measurement
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- >15 mL/s: Normal Qmax (male reference)
- <10 mL/s: Obstructed Qmax (suggestive threshold)
- Flow rate: Measure (mL per second)
- Uroflowmeter: Device (weight or rotating disc)
Uroflowmetry during voiding
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Obstruction vs Overactivity Pattern Reading
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- High Pdet, low Q: Obstruction sign (pressure-flow nomogram)
- Filling spikes: Overactivity sign (independent of voiding)
- Common: Combined cases (both patterns coexist)
- ICS nomogram: Tool (standard interpretation chart)
Differential nomogram reading
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Placeholder key insight sentence on combined interpretation value.