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2D Wulff Construction: Equilibrium Nanocrystal Facet Shape

Interactive 2D Wulff construction: set the relative edge energies of the {10} and {11} facet families and watch a 2D nanocrystal cross-section morph between diamond, octagon and square, with live perimeter-fraction and total edge-energy readouts proving the equilibrium shape really does minimise surface energy at fixed area.

Nanotechnology & MEMS2DAdvanced60 FPS📱 Mobile-adapted⇄ 3D version

Real crystal cross-sections are not circles — they facet into squares, diamonds and octagons because the crystal minimises total edge energy for a given enclosed area. This simulator builds the exact two-dimensional Wulff construction from two competing edge families, {10} and {11}, letting you set each one's relative edge energy and watch the equilibrium polygon morph continuously between diamond, octagon and square, with live perimeter-fraction and total-edge-energy readouts that make the underlying energy minimisation visible in real time.

⚙ Under the hood

Interactive 2D Wulff construction: set the relative edge energies of the {10} and {11} facet families and watch a 2D nanocrystal cross-section morph between diamond, octagon and square, with live perimeter-fraction and total-edge-energy readouts proving the equilibrium shape minimises surface energy at fixed area.

nanophysicssurface-energycrystal-facetswulff-constructionnanocrystalmaterials-science2d-physics

2D · HTML5 Canvas 2D · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install