2D Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex: Gaze Stabilization During Head Rotation

The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is the fastest reflex arc in the body: a three-neuron pathway from the semicircular canals to the extraocular muscles that counter-rotates the eyes to keep gaze locked on a target while the head moves. This 2D companion renders a bird's-eye view of the head, eyes and a fixed target alongside live scrolling strip charts of head velocity, the canal's cupula signal, eye velocity and retinal slip — all driven by the same high-pass torsion-pendulum canal model and adjustable-gain reflex as the 3D version. Drag the head view to turn the head yourself and watch the canal signal get computed from your own motion in real time, dial the canal time constant and VOR gain to explore hypo- and hyperfunction, or switch on voluntary VOR suppression to see smooth pursuit override the reflex.