Capillary Condensation in Nanopores

Nanoporous solids are characterised by gas physisorption: as relative pressure P/P₀ rises, a thin film first coats the mesopore walls, then the whole pore abruptly floods with liquid once the Kelvin equation's condensation condition is met — and on the way back down it stays full until a different, curvature-dependent condition lets it empty. This simulator renders a single cylindrical nanopore in 3D, growing a real adsorbed film and triggering capillary condensation from the Kelvin equation as you sweep P/P₀, while a live isotherm panel traces out the resulting adsorption/desorption hysteresis loop — the same loop instruments use, via the BJH method, to extract a real pore-size distribution from mesoporous materials like silica gels and MCM-41.