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Calnexin/Calreticulin Cycle: N-Glycan Quality Control

Interactive 3D model of the ER glycoprotein quality-control checkpoint: monoglucosylated N-glycans bind calnexin/calreticulin, UGGT re-glucosylates misfolded proteins for another folding attempt, and persistent failures get mannose-trimmed and routed to ERAD.

Glycobiology & Glycan Engineering3DAdvanced60 FPS

Every glycoprotein made in the endoplasmic reticulum has to pass a single molecular checkpoint before it is allowed to leave: repeated binding to the lectin chaperones calnexin and calreticulin, gated by the glucose residues on its N-glycan. This simulation renders that cycle in 3D — proteins arrive, get trimmed to the monoglucosylated binding signal, dock at a chaperone, and either fold and exit to the Golgi or get re-glucosylated by UGGT for another attempt. Persistent failures are mannose-trimmed and diverted to ERAD. Tune the folding probability, the ERAD cycle threshold, the protein influx rate and the number of chaperone slots, and watch the exported/degraded counts and the average number of cycles per protein update live.

⚙ Under the hood

Watch the ER glycoprotein quality-control checkpoint run in 3D: monoglucosylated N-glycans bind calnexin/calreticulin for a folding attempt, UGGT re-glucosylates failures for another try, and proteins that exceed the cycle threshold are mannose-trimmed and routed to ERAD.

glycobiologyER quality controlcalnexinprotein foldingERADN-glycans

3D · Three.js / WebGL renderer · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install