Plant Genetics: Breeding & Polyploidy Simulator

This simulator visualizes two of the core mechanisms plant breeders actually use: Mendelian inheritance and chromosome-set doubling. Pick a genotype for each parent line across one or two simple traits — stem height and drought resistance, each with a dominant and a recessive allele — and cross them. The simulator builds the real Punnett square for that cross, plants a 3D field of offspring sized and colored by their computed phenotype, and reports the exact genotype and phenotype ratios, including the classic 3:1 monohybrid and 9:3:3:1 dihybrid proportions when you self-cross a heterozygous F1. A separate polyploidy toggle demonstrates the other major lever in crop breeding: doubling the chromosome set enlarges plant cells, and with them the whole plant — the same effect breeders rely on in hexaploid wheat and induced tetraploid fruit crops.