Circular Economy Material Flow

This model animates material as it moves through an economy, comparing the classic linear "take-make-dispose" pipeline against a circular one where recycling, reuse and repair return part of the flow to production. Raw material particles travel from extraction into production, through use, and then either into a landfill (lost for good) or back into the loop as recycled input (displacing new extraction). The circularity-rate slider controls what fraction of each cycle's output is recovered, and the live counters track how virgin material draw, recycled input and accumulated landfill waste diverge between the two models over many cycles.