Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading

Lateral spreading is one of the most damaging forms of earthquake ground failure: a gently sloping deposit of saturated sand loses its strength during shaking and the intact crust above it slides — meters at a time — toward a nearby free face such as a riverbank or embankment toe. This simulation drives a Seed–Booker pore-pressure buildup model with adjustable shaking intensity and sand density, then couples the resulting residual strength to a slope-driven sliding-block model so you can watch the crust break into blocks separated by a real fan of tension cracks that widen most near the free face and taper off inland, exactly as mapped after real earthquakes.