Sparkler Combustion: Metal Particle Sparks (3D)

This simulator renders a burning sparkler tip ejecting real metal-combustion particles in three dimensions. Each spark follows a genuine ballistic trajectory shaped by gravity and aerodynamic drag, cools from combustion temperature toward ambient via Newton's law of cooling with its color driven by a blackbody-radiation approximation, and — for iron — can undergo the secondary-oxidation branching that gives sparklers their characteristic forking shower. Switch metals, tune the ejection rate/speed, wind and spark lifetime, and drag the wire tip to wave the sparkler through the air.