Haboob Density-Current Front (2D)

Rather than tracking individual sand grains, this 2D companion treats the haboob's leading dust wall the way atmospheric scientists actually model it: as a fixed-volume gravity current. A pool of cool, dust-laden outflow air is released with a set temperature deficit against the warmer desert air around it, and a Froude-number closure (after the classic Huppert & Simpson fixed-volume solution) converts the resulting density contrast and the current's shrinking depth into an advance speed for the front. A simplified bottom-drag term then slows that front down as it sweeps across rough dune terrain, and a frictionless "twin" current — run in parallel from the same starting conditions — makes the size of that slowdown directly visible as a growing gap between two live traces of front position and front speed over time.