Type Ia Supernova Flame Front (2D)

This 2D companion to the Type Ia supernova simulator models the same thermonuclear flame in an independent 2D disk cross-section of the carbon-oxygen white dwarf, rather than flattening the 3D render. Several thousand mass-weighted tracer points are sampled with the correct 2D annulus mass law, and the Rayleigh-Taylor wrinkling of the deflagration front is built from a genuine 2D azimuthal Fourier spectrum — a sum of cosine modes at integer wavenumbers with random phase — rather than the 3D model's spherical-bump field. A second panel plots the wrinkled front radius against angle in real time, the "front roughness" diagnostic astrophysicists use to quantify how strongly Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence is corrugating a deflagration, which has no simple 1D analogue on the full 3D sphere. Live readouts track elapsed time, instantaneous flame speed, burned mass, released energy in units of 10⁵¹ erg ("foe"), and the radioactive ⁵⁶Ni yield.