Crowd Dynamics: Social Force Simulator

Crowd behavior emerges from thousands of small, local decisions: each person walks toward their goal while unconsciously keeping a comfortable distance from everyone nearby. This simulator implements the classic social-force model of pedestrian dynamics, spawning agents that flow across a room toward a single doorway. Each agent is steered by a desired-velocity term pulling it toward the exit and a repulsive social force pushing it away from neighbours and walls — the same mechanism researchers use to explain lane formation, arching, and the counter-intuitive "faster is slower" effect where rising panic and urgency make evacuation slower, not faster. Adjust crowd size, panic level, exit width and herding to see orderly flow tip into clogging and back again.