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⚡ Coulomb Blockade and Single-Electron Transistors

Explore how a quantum dot's tiny charging energy produces Coulomb diamonds and discrete single-electron tunneling steps in a single-electron transistor's gate-voltage versus bias-voltage map.

Quantum Physics3DModerate60 FPS

The simulation shows a quantum dot's differential conductance mapped against gate voltage and bias voltage, revealing the characteristic Coulomb diamond pattern of blockaded and conducting regions produced by discrete single-electron charging.

🔬 What It Demonstrates

🎮 How to Use

Sweep the gate-voltage and bias-voltage sliders to trace out the conductance map and watch how the size of the Coulomb diamonds changes with the island's charging energy and gate coupling.

💡 Did You Know?

Single-electron transistors are sensitive enough to detect the motion of a small fraction of a single electron charge, making them some of the most precise electrometers ever built and a standard tool for reading out quantum bits in solid-state quantum computers.

⚙ Under the hood

Explore how a quantum dot's tiny charging energy produces Coulomb diamonds and discrete single-electron tunneling steps in a single-electron transistor's gate-voltage versus bias-voltage map.

coulomb blockadesingle-electron transistorquantum dotcharging energycoulomb diamondscondensed matternanoelectronicssingle-electron tunneling

3D · Three.js / WebGL renderer · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install