Confetti Fall: Chaotic Flutter Dynamics (3D)

A falling flat piece of confetti does not drop straight down: aerodynamic lift and drag depend on the plate's instantaneous orientation relative to its velocity, and the resulting torque changes that orientation in a continuous feedback loop. This 3D simulation gives every piece a full orientation (quaternion) and angular-velocity vector, so the coupling can push a piece into genuine out-of-plane precession as well as in-plane flutter or tumble — a fully three-dimensional version of the same real unsteady-aerodynamics mechanism.