Arsenite Nanoparticle Adsorption — pH-Dependent Water Remediation

This simulator visualises how iron-oxide nanoparticles scavenge dissolved arsenite (As(III)) from contaminated water, and why that process is so sensitive to pH. Unlike arsenate, arsenite is mostly a neutral molecule (H₃AsO₃) below pH 9, so it can only be captured through direct ligand-exchange bonding to nanoparticle surface sites rather than simple electrostatic attraction. Drive the pH slider to see the real acid-base speciation shift between H₃AsO₃ and H₂AsO₃⁻, watch a Gaussian capture-probability curve centred on the iron oxide's point of zero charge, and track adsorption build up live as particles undergo Brownian motion toward nanoparticle surfaces — with nanoparticle dose and competing-anion load as the other two real levers used in actual groundwater treatment design.