Mechanical Alloying 2D — Lamellar-to-Equiaxed Grain Subdivision

Ball milling and other severe-plastic-deformation processes turn coarse metal powder into a nanocrystalline microstructure one impact at a time. This 2D companion simulator integrates the same Kocks-Mecking dislocation-density evolution equation as the 3D version, strike by strike, but models the geometry of grain subdivision directly: a family of primary boundaries forms first along the material's slip trace, spaced by the similitude relation d = K/√ρ, producing elongated lamellae; a second, transverse family then fills in as dislocation density approaches its material-specific saturation value, closing the lamellae into equiaxed nanograins. A live aspect-ratio readout tracks that lamellar-to-equiaxed transition alongside the Taylor-hardening yield-strength estimate — the same physics that limits how fine ball-milled and equal-channel-angular-pressed metals can refine.