Thermosensitive Liposome Drug Release

This simulator models a thermosensitive liposome — a lipid-bilayer drug carrier that stays sealed at body temperature and releases its cargo only once heated through its lipid-specific phase-transition temperature T_m. The bilayer bath temperature, the lipid composition (DMPC, DPPC or DSPC, each with a different T_m), and the cooperativity of the gel-to-liquid-crystalline transition are all adjustable, driving a real first-order release-kinetics model whose rate constant is scaled by a Boltzmann-sigmoid permeability function centred on T_m. Individual encapsulated drug particles are rendered inside a 3D bilayer shell and visibly escape into the surrounding medium as the simulated release fraction climbs, while live readouts track percent drug remaining, relative bilayer permeability and elapsed simulated release time.