X-Ray Radiography: Beer-Lambert Attenuation Imaging

This simulator models how a plain-film (projection) radiograph actually forms: a divergent cone of X-rays leaves a point source, crosses an anatomical torso phantom built from soft tissue, air-filled lungs and a bone spine, and is attenuated ray-by-ray according to the Beer-Lambert law before striking a detector plane. Adjust tube voltage (kVp) and tube current-time (mAs) to see how photon energy trades off bone/soft-tissue contrast against image noise (quantum mottle), pull the detector away from the body to see geometric magnification and unsharpness appear exactly as the U_g = f·OID/SOD formula predicts, and rotate the projection angle from AP toward lateral to watch the spine and lungs move through the beam path. Live readouts track average transmission, bone-to-lung image contrast, geometric blur and an estimated entrance skin dose.