DBS Desynchronization: Basal Ganglia Oscillator Network

In Parkinson's disease, neurons in the subthalamic nucleus fall into excessive beta-band (13–30 Hz) synchrony, and that pathological synchrony is thought to underlie bradykinesia and rigidity. This simulation renders 180 STN neurons as coupled phase oscillators (a Kuramoto model) whose recurrent coupling strength K drives them toward — or away from — a shared rhythm, tracked live by the synchrony index r. A deep brain stimulation electrode at the center delivers a real pulse train whose frequency, amplitude and reach (the volume of tissue activated) you control, letting you see directly why only high-frequency stimulation reliably breaks up the pathological cluster while low-frequency pulses can instead reinforce it.