Case-Control vs Cohort Study Simulator (2D)

Epidemiologists never see the full truth of a population — they draw a sample and estimate. This simulator generates a 2D population of exposed/unexposed and diseased/healthy individuals from a true underlying relative risk, then lets you sample it two different ways: a cohort study (fixed by exposure, measuring incidence forward in time) or a case-control study (fixed by disease status, looking backward at exposure). Watch the 2×2 table fill in, compare the cohort's relative risk against the case-control's odds ratio against the true effect, and track every draw on a running sampling-history chart — especially as the underlying disease goes from rare to common.