Lithium-Ion Cell Radial Thermal Runaway (2D)

This 2D companion to the ARC thermal-runaway sim replaces the 3D version's single lumped cell temperature with a real, spatially resolved model: eighteen concentric radial shells, each conducting heat to its neighbours by Fourier's law and each running its own copy of the same three-stage Arrhenius decomposition cascade (SEI breakdown, anode-electrolyte reaction, cathode/separator collapse) driven by its own local temperature. Only the outermost shell talks to the chamber directly — every other shell only ever gains or loses heat through conduction — so a localized internal-short trigger genuinely nucleates a hot spot at the core that then visibly propagates outward as a thermal wave, exactly the spatial behaviour a single-point lumped model cannot represent. Watch the concentric-ring cross-section colour by local temperature and the live radial profile plot below it track the real core-to-surface gradient in real time, and tune state of charge, chamber ramp rate and cooling exactly as in the 3D sim.