SN2 Reaction Kinetics

This simulation visualizes bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) as a population-level kinetics process: nucleophile and alkyl-halide particles drift through a 2D field, and every collision is checked against an energy-diagram barrier scaled by temperature and leaving-group ability. Successful collisions react instantly into product and leaving-group particles, while the reaction-coordinate diagram at the top plots the single-hump transition state that defines SN2 as a concerted, one-step mechanism. Adjust concentration, temperature and leaving-group ability to see how each independently shifts the rate law rate = k[Nu⁻][R–X].