Tracked Vehicle Mobility Lab: Ground Pressure, Soil…

Ground Pressure and Soil Sinkage

Ground pressure, defined as the force exerted by a vehicle on the ground per unit area, is critical for understanding how vehicles interact with various terrains. The Bekker model, which describes the relationship between ground pressure and soil sinkage, helps predict how deeply a tracked vehicle will sink into soft soils or mud. This relationship is governed by the equation: Σ = p * (1 - e^(-k * P)), where Σ is the soil sinkage, p is the ground pressure, and k is a constant related to soil properties.

The importance of minimizing ground pressure and controlling soil sinkage cannot be overstated. High ground pressures can lead to excessive soil compaction, reducing the vehicle's mobility and potentially damaging the environment.

Gradeability

Gradeability refers to a vehicle’s ability to climb or descend slopes without losing traction or stability. The Mohr-Coulomb theory is often used to determine the maximum grade that a tracked vehicle can negotiate, based on factors such as friction, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the soil. This theory states that the shear stress (τ) at which failure occurs in soil is given by: τ = ρ * tan(β + θ), where ρ is the normal stress, β is the internal friction angle of the soil, and θ is the angle of the slope.

By understanding these principles, engineers can design vehicles that are capable of traversing a wide range of terrains with minimal risk of getting stuck or losing control.

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Skid-Steer Turning Power

Skid-steering is a unique turning mechanism used in tracked vehicles, where the tracks on one side are driven forward while those on the other side are driven backward. This allows for tight turns without skidding or slipping. The power required for skid-steer turning depends on the friction between the tracks and the ground, as well as the vehicle's weight distribution.

The efficiency of this mechanism is crucial for maneuverability in tight spaces, such as urban combat scenarios or agricultural fields.

Torsion-Bar Suspension

A torsion-bar suspension system helps to absorb the shock and vibrations from uneven terrain, improving ride comfort and vehicle stability. The torsion bar acts like a spring that twists under load, storing energy which is then released as the vehicle moves over bumps or obstacles.

By optimizing the design of the torsion bars, engineers can enhance the overall performance and durability of tracked vehicles in various terrains.

Frequently asked questions

What factors affect ground pressure?

Ground pressure is influenced by the vehicle's weight distribution, track width, and the type of terrain. Heavier loads or narrower tracks increase ground pressure, while softer soils also contribute to higher pressures.

How does soil compaction impact tracked vehicles?

Soil compaction can significantly reduce a tracked vehicle's mobility by increasing ground resistance and decreasing the area over which its weight is distributed. This can lead to increased fuel consumption, reduced speed, and potential damage to the environment.

Why is gradeability important for military vehicles?

Gradeability is crucial for military vehicles as it determines their ability to operate on various terrains, including steep hills or ravines. Vehicles with higher gradeability can access more areas and maintain operational readiness in diverse combat environments.

How does skid-steering improve a vehicle's maneuverability?

Skid-steering allows tracked vehicles to make tight turns without the need for complex steering mechanisms or additional wheels. This feature enhances their agility, especially in confined spaces or during rapid maneuvers, making them more versatile and responsive.

Try it live

Everything above runs in your browser — open Tracked Vehicle Mobility Lab: Ground Pressure, Soil Sinkage, Gradeability and Skid Steering and change the parameters while it is running. Nothing is installed, nothing is uploaded, the whole model lives in one tab.

▶ Open Tracked Vehicle Mobility Lab: Ground Pressure, Soil Sinkage, Gradeability and Skid Steering simulation