Max-Pressure Traffic Signal Control — Microscopic 2D

The 3D version of this sim tracks traffic as a continuous fluid — vehicle counts that flow and deplete through an ODE. This 2D companion instead simulates every vehicle individually: a point mass that measures the gap to whatever is ahead of it (a red stop line or another car) and brakes or accelerates using the real kinematic stopping-distance formula, exactly like a Gipps-style car-following model. Every intersection still runs the identical real Max-Pressure control law — computing a pressure per phase from its own queues and the queues immediately downstream and switching to whichever phase relieves the biggest imbalance — so you're comparing the same adaptive-control mathematics against a genuinely different, individually-simulated traffic mechanism. Watch cars queue bumper-to-bumper, brake for a red light and discharge nose-to-tail once it turns green, and toggle Max-Pressure against a naive Fixed-Time baseline under adjustable demand and saturation flow.