🌸 Ovarian Cyst Formation & Resolution Simulator

Follicular Cyst Formation — When the Dominant Follicle Does Not Rupture

Placeholder: ovulation fails, follicle keeps growing into a thin-walled cyst.

• 2.5–8 cm: Typical size (placeholder range)
• Thin, smooth: Wall thickness (placeholder note)
• Mid-cycle: Onset (placeholder timing)
• Often none: Symptoms (placeholder note)

Follicular growth and failed rupture

Placeholder: LH surge insufficient, follicle continues accumulating fluid.

Ultrasound appearance

Placeholder: simple anechoic unilocular cyst, thin regular wall.

Corpus Luteum Cyst Formation — Persistence After Ovulation

Placeholder: corpus luteum fails to regress, fills with fluid or blood.

• 3–10 cm: Typical size (placeholder range)
• Higher than follicular: Rupture risk (placeholder note)
• Progesterone secreting: Hormone (placeholder note)
• Luteal phase: Timing (placeholder timing)

Hemorrhagic transformation

Placeholder: internal bleeding gives complex, cobweb-pattern ultrasound texture.

Clinical relevance

Placeholder: can delay menses, mimic ectopic pregnancy presentation.

Functional Cyst Spontaneous Resolution — Regression Over Successive Cycles

Placeholder: most functional cysts shrink and disappear within two to three cycles.

• ~90%: Resolution rate (placeholder figure)
• 1–3 cycles: Time to resolve (placeholder range)
• Repeat ultrasound: Follow-up (placeholder note)
• Rarely needed: Intervention (placeholder note)

Fluid resorption mechanism

Placeholder: cyst wall thins, fluid gradually reabsorbed by stroma.

Confirming resolution

Placeholder: interval imaging confirms shrinkage before discharge from follow-up.

Pathological Cyst Persistence — Dermoid and Endometrioma Behavior

Placeholder: unlike functional cysts, these structures persist and often enlarge.

• Fat, hair, teeth: Dermoid content (placeholder note)
• Ground-glass echoes: Endometrioma look (placeholder note)
• Does not occur: Regression (placeholder note)
• Slow, progressive: Growth (placeholder note)

Why these do not resolve

Placeholder: fixed tissue or organized blood does not reabsorb.

Imaging red flags

Placeholder: septations, solid components, and internal blood flow raise concern.

Placeholder: persistence beyond three cycles favors pathological over functional origin.

Monitoring vs Intervention — Choosing the Right Pathway

Placeholder: size, persistence, and features guide watchful waiting versus surgery.

• <5 cm, simple: Watch threshold (placeholder note)
• Complex or growing: Refer threshold (placeholder note)
• Serial ultrasound: Tool (placeholder note)
• CA-125 if concerning: Marker (placeholder note)

Decision criteria

Placeholder: combine size, morphology, symptoms, and cycle persistence.

Escalation pathway

Placeholder: unresolved or suspicious cysts move to surgical evaluation.