Charge Separation in a Type-II Core/Shell Quantum Dot

This simulator solves the effective-mass Schrodinger equation for an electron and a hole confined inside a spherical core/shell nanocrystal, then renders their real radial probability densities as 3D point clouds. In a type-II band alignment the conduction- and valence-band offsets push the two carriers into opposite regions of the dot — the electron into the shell, the hole into the core, or vice versa — which is exactly what suppresses their wavefunction overlap and stretches the radiative recombination lifetime well beyond what a same-size type-I dot would show. Tune the core radius, shell thickness, and the two band offsets to watch the electron and hole clouds pull apart (or collapse back together in the type-I regime), and read the resulting overlap integral, lifetime enhancement, and mean carrier separation live.