tRNA Proofreading — Free-Energy Landscape

This is the 2D counterpart to the 3D ribosome scene, built around the same molecular decision the ribosome makes at every codon: which aminoacyl-tRNA gets to donate its amino acid to the growing peptide. Instead of a spatial ribosome model, this view draws the actual free-energy reaction-coordinate diagram that the two-step kinetic-proofreading cycle traces out -- initial selection before GTP hydrolysis, then a second, independent proofreading check after it -- with every barrier and well height reconstructed from the same rate constants via transition-state theory. You control the same competing tRNA pool, the same proofreading stringency, and the same codon rarity, and watch a live scrolling fidelity timeline record every correct and mistaken incorporation exactly as the kinetic-proofreading model predicts.