Underground Hydrogen Salt Cavern: Pressure & Gas-Law Storage (2D)

Grid-scale hydrogen storage increasingly relies on solution-mined salt caverns: kilometre-deep, gas-tight voids leached out of a salt formation, where hydrogen is pumped in during periods of surplus renewable generation and pulled back out to meet demand later. This 2D cross-section simulator drives that cycle with the same physics an engineer would check first — the ideal gas law, PV = nRT — so injecting or withdrawing hydrogen changes the mole count inside the cavern's fixed volume and the pressure gauge, strip chart and gas-color all update directly from that relationship rather than from a scripted animation. Depth sets both the geothermal temperature and the lithostatic pressure the surrounding rock exerts on the cavern walls, which in turn sets the real 30–80% operating-pressure band the injection/withdrawal valve is not allowed to cross: push past the top and the valve auto-closes exactly as a real wellhead's pressure-relief interlock would, protecting the salt roof from hydraulic fracturing on one side and creeping collapse on the other.