Aerogel Knudsen Effect: 2D Pore-Network Gas Kinetics

Silica aerogels beat still air as an insulator because their pores are built smaller than the distance a gas molecule normally travels between collisions. This 2D companion drops that same kinetic theory onto a flat pore-lattice cross-section: a real 2D hard-disk gas bounces elastically off fixed silica pillars whose spacing tracks your pore-diameter slider, while a live phase diagram plots the exact Kaganer suppression curve (κ_gas ∝ 1/(1+2β·Kn)) and drops a marker onto it from the same mean-free-path and Knudsen-number formulas the 3D model uses — so you can watch pillar-wall collisions overtake gas-gas collisions in the particle view at the same moment the analytic marker crosses into the Knudsen-dominated regime.