🏛️ Aqueduct Channel and Inverted Siphon: Manning Flow and Valley Pressure (2D)

Long section of an ancient gravity aqueduct that runs in a masonry channel, drops through a pipe siphon across a valley and rises again. Set channel slope, width, roughness, pipe diameter and valley depth, and read the flow, depth, Froude number, hydraulic grade line and pressure at the valley floor. Manning, critical depth and Darcy-Weisbach with Colebrook friction give the answers, with four in-page numerical checks. A hydraulics companion to the 3D ancient hydraulic city.