⚙️ Axial Piston Pump: Swashplate Angle, Flow Ripple and Torque (2D cutaway)

2D cutaway of a variable-displacement axial piston pump: the swashplate angle sets the piston stroke, displacement, flow and torque, while piston count shapes the flow ripple. Same constants and formulas as the 3D page, with integration, ripple, geometry and scaling checks.