MPPT Solar Tracker: Perturb & Observe Power-Point Hunting (2D)

A solar panel only delivers its rated power at one exact voltage — the maximum power point — and that voltage keeps moving as sunlight and temperature change. This 2D companion plots the panel's power-voltage curve directly as a chart, fading in a trail of the last few seconds so you can watch the true peak migrate, while a real perturb-and-observe (P&O) controller — the same hill-climbing algorithm running inside commercial solar inverters — hunts for it one small voltage step at a time, with no knowledge of the curve's shape. Drag the irradiance and temperature sliders, trigger a cloud transient, or switch on continuous weather drift, then compare against a naive fixed-voltage controller to see exactly how much energy real-time tracking recovers.