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2D Transformer Simulator — Mutual Induction & Efficiency

Interactive 2D transformer simulator: real mutual-inductance coupling between primary and secondary coils via a shared changing flux, adjustable turns ratio and load, and a real-transformer mode showing genuine core and copper losses reducing efficiency.

Electromagnetism2DModerate60 FPS📱 Mobile-adapted⇄ 3D version

Details

CategoryElectromagnetism

RenderingCanvas 2D

DifficultyModerate

Target FPS60

ControlsPreset buttons (Mains step-up, Phone charger, Isolation 1:1) load matched turns/voltage/load/frequency sets. Sliders adjust primary turns N1 (10-600), secondary turns N2 (10-600), primary peak voltage (10-600V), load resistance (1-1000 ohm) and frequency (1-400Hz), all live-recomputing the coupled-circuit solution. A model toggle switches between an ideal lossless transformer and a real transformer with winding (copper) and core resistance losses.

transformermutual inductancefaraday's lawturns ratioelectromagnetic couplingefficiency2d

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This 2D simulator solves a real transformer equivalent circuit rather than just re-scaling a waveform: a shared, time-varying magnetic flux couples the primary and secondary coils through Faraday's law, so the induced secondary EMF genuinely tracks the primary EMF in the fixed ratio set by the turns N₂/N₁. Adjust the turns ratio and load resistance to see correct voltage and current transformation in real time, watch the flux visibly lag the driving voltage by 90° as the physics predicts, and switch on "real transformer" mode to see genuine copper (I²R) and core (hysteresis/eddy-current) losses pull efficiency below the ideal 100% — exactly the trade-offs engineers manage in mains transformers and distribution grids.

⚙ Under the hood

A 2D transformer simulator that solves a real mutual-inductance equivalent circuit: a shared changing magnetic flux couples primary and secondary coils via Faraday's law, giving genuine turns-ratio-determined voltage and current transformation (Vs/Vp = Ns/Np, Is/Ip = Np/Ns) with power conserved at the ideal limit. A real-transformer toggle adds copper (I²R) and core (hysteresis/eddy-current) losses that pull efficiency below 100%.

transformermutual inductancefaraday's lawturns ratioelectromagnetic couplingefficiency2d

2D · HTML5 Canvas 2D · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install