🧪 Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Simulation

This simulation demonstrates the principles of analytical chemistry through a specific, quantitative technique: potentiometry with an ion-selective electrode (ISE). Choose a monovalent (K⁺) or divalent (Ca²⁺) primary ion, dial in its true concentration, then introduce an interfering Na⁺ ion at a chosen selectivity coefficient to see the Nikolsky-Eikman equation predict — and the electrode misreport — the sample. A live 3D beaker shows both ion populations jittering around the sensing membrane while the analog meter and numeric readouts track the resulting potential, the Nernstian slope and the resulting interference error in real time, exactly as a real potentiometric analyzer would.