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Borate Crystallization: Evaporation & Supersaturation (2D)

2D evaporation-pond lab: temperature, wind and pond area drive water loss, pushing the brine's concentration past its solubility curve so borate crystals nucleate and grow — watch yield, mother-liquor strength and crust risk update live.

Chemistry & Materials2DModerate60 FPS📱 Mobile-adapted⇄ 3D version

This 2D companion drives an evaporation-pond mass balance instead of a static scene: temperature, wind and pond area set how fast water leaves the brine, a conserved solute mass makes the concentration climb as the pond shrinks, and a temperature-dependent solubility curve decides when — and how fast — borate crystals precipitate out, with a crust-risk feedback that throttles evaporation when it runs away.

⚙ Under the hood

2D evaporation-pond lab with a conserved-solute mass balance, a temperature-dependent solubility curve, and first-order precipitation kinetics; crust risk feeds back to throttle evaporation when it runs too fast.

borate crystallizationevaporationsupersaturationbrine chemistrynucleation

2D · HTML5 Canvas 2D · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install

Why does raising the temperature not always speed up crystallization?

Higher temperature speeds evaporation, but it also raises the brine's solubility limit — hot borate solution can hold much more dissolved solute before it precipitates. The two effects pull against each other, which is why the simulation tracks both the concentration line and the solubility line together.

What causes the crust-risk warning?

When evaporation runs faster than a threshold, a thin salt skin forms on the pond surface in real evaporite operations. The simulation models this as a crust-risk percentage that, once high, throttles the effective evaporation rate — a self-limiting feedback loop.

Is this the same mechanic as the 3D version?

It drives the same evaporation-and-solubility idea through an explicit mass-balance model (conserved solute, a temperature-dependent solubility curve, and precipitation kinetics) rendered on a flat canvas with live concentration and yield graphs, rather than a 3D evaporation-pond scene.