The Gait Cycle: Stance, Swing & Gait Deviations (2D)

What the Gait Cycle Is

The gait cycle is a repetitive sequence of movements that occur during walking. It consists of two main phases: stance (when one foot is on the ground) and swing (when the foot is off the ground).

Understanding these phases helps in analyzing normal versus abnormal gaits, which is essential for rehabilitation and diagnosis.

Stance and Swing Phases

During the stance phase, the body weight is supported by one leg. This phase includes loading response (the foot contacts the ground), midstance (maximum vertical load on the foot), and terminal stance (preparation for toe-off).

The swing phase begins when the heel leaves the ground until it strikes again. It involves acceleration of the limb, mid-swing, and deceleration before contact with the ground.

Gait Deviations

Gait deviations can indicate underlying issues such as weakness in muscles, joint problems, or neurological disorders.

Common gait deviations include Trendelenburg gait (hip drop on the opposite side of the stance leg) and foot drop (inability to lift the front part of the foot).

Normal vs. Pathological Gaits

In normal gaits, both legs work in coordination to maintain balance and stability.

Pathological gaits like Trendelenburg gait or foot drop can disrupt this coordination, leading to inefficient walking patterns.

Frequently asked questions

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