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Introduction to App Lifecycle

The mobile app lifecycle defines the various states an app goes through during usage: launch, active, background, suspended, and terminated. Proper lifecycle management ensures correct handling of transitions between states, efficient resource usage, state preservation, and a smooth user experience.

Understanding the lifecycle is critically important for managing memory, handling background tasks, preserving state, and ensuring the app responds correctly to system events. Each platform (iOS, Android) has its own lifecycle patterns and best practices.

Mobile App Lifecycle

App States

iOS App States

States:

Not Running: The app is not running.

Inactive: A transitional state.

Active: The app is running on the foreground.

Background: The app is in the background, executing code.

Suspended: The app is in memory but not executing.

Lifecycle Methods:

application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:

applicationWillEnterForeground:

applicationDidBecomeActive:

applicationWillResignActive:

applicationDidEnterBackground:

applicationWillTerminate:

Android Activity Lifecycle

Lifecycle Callbacks:

onCreate() - Initial creation

onStart() - Becoming visible

onResume() - Becoming interactive

onPause() - Losing focus

onStop() - No longer visible

onDestroy() - Final cleanup

onRestart() - Restarting from stopped

Process States:

Foreground process

Visible process

Service process

Background process

Empty process

State Preservation and Restoration

iOS State Preservation

UI state encoding/decoding

Automatic state restoration

Restoration identifiers

Scene state (iOS 13+)

Android State Saving

onSaveInstanceState()

ViewModel for configuration changes

SavedStateHandle

Process death handling

Background Execution

iOS Background Modes

Background fetch

Remote notifications

Background processing

Location updates

Android Background Work

WorkManager

Foreground services

JobScheduler

Background restrictions

Try it live

Everything above runs in your browser — open Hash Function Avalanche Visualizer and change the parameters while it is running. Nothing is installed, nothing is uploaded, the whole model lives in one tab.