Climate Tipping Points 🌡️

Model nonlinear climate tipping elements using fold bifurcation dynamics. Raise CO₂ and observe irreversible cascading transitions — hysteresis means you cannot simply reverse by cutting emissions.

Element States

Arctic Sea Ice

STABLE

Amazon Rainforest

STABLE

Greenland Ice Sheet

STABLE

AMOC Circulation

STABLE

Each element follows a fold bifurcation: dX/dt = r·X·(1−X/K) − h·X²/(a²+X²) + F(CO₂). The system has two stable states separated by an unstable equilibrium. Hysteresis means once tipped, CO₂ must fall far below the tipping threshold to recover. Cascade: tipping one element amplifies forcing on others — Arctic loss accelerates Greenland melt; Amazon dieback weakens AMOC; AMOC slowdown shifts precipitation patterns.