Controls

Magnetic shear / twist: 0% CME speed: 800 km/s Earth-directed angle: 0° Presets

Stats

Stored energy—

Flare class—

X-ray flux—

CME speed—

Earth arrival—

Kp / storm—

Footpoint motions shear the coronal field, storing magnetic energy. When stress is high, reconnection snaps field lines, releasing energy as a flare (class by peak X-ray flux: A<B<C<M<X, each ×10) plus a CME. The CME travels 1–3 days to Earth; a fast, Earth-directed one drives a geomagnetic storm (high Kp).