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Nanotoxicology Risk Assessment Simulator

Interactive nanotoxicology simulator: watch how nanoparticle size, shape and surface charge control cellular uptake through endocytosis, and how internalized particles drive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell stress.

Nanotechnology & MEMS3DModerate60 FPS

This simulator visualizes the physical basis of nanoparticle toxicity: a simplified cell — plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus — sits at the center while nanoparticles drift in from the surrounding medium. Each particle's size, shape and surface charge determine its probability of being captured and pulled through the membrane by endocytosis, exactly as they do in real cell-culture uptake assays. Particles that make it inside accumulate in the cytoplasm and drive a live reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) gauge upward, while the cell's antioxidant defenses slowly clear it back down. Adjust the sliders to see why 40 nm, spherical, cationic particles are internalized fastest — and why that combination is also the one toxicologists flag as highest risk.

⚙ Under the hood

3D nanotoxicology sandbox: tune nanoparticle size, shape (sphere to rod) and surface charge and watch a live cell membrane capture particles by endocytosis at a rate that follows real size/shape/charge-dependent uptake kinetics, while a ROS gauge and reddening membrane track the resulting oxidative stress.

Three.jsNanotoxicologyCellular UptakeEndocytosisReactive Oxygen SpeciesRisk Assessment3D

3D · Three.js / WebGL renderer · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install