Home▸Medical Technology & Imaging Physics▸CO2 Transport in Blood and the Haldane Effect

🩸 CO2 Transport in Blood and the Haldane Effect

Explore how blood carries carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs through dissolved gas, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate, and see how the Haldane effect boosts venous CO2 carrying capacity.

Medical Technology & Imaging Physics3DModerate60 FPS

This simulator demonstrates how the three CO2 transport pathways combine and how the Haldane effect shifts total CO2 carrying capacity between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin states.

🔬 What It Demonstrates

This simulator demonstrates how the three CO2 transport pathways combine and how the Haldane effect shifts total CO2 carrying capacity between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin states.

🎮 How to Use

Adjust the CO2 partial pressure and hemoglobin oxygen saturation sliders to see how dissolved CO2, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate contributions change, and watch the chloride shift animate between red blood cell and plasma.

💡 Did You Know?

Carbonic anhydrase is one of the fastest enzymes known, capable of catalyzing roughly a million reactions per second, which is why the bicarbonate pathway can handle 70 percent of CO2 transport almost instantaneously inside red blood cells.

⚙ Under the hood

Explore how blood carries carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs through dissolved gas, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate, and see how the Haldane effect boosts venous CO2 carrying capacity.

physiologyrespiratory systemco2 transporthaldane effectbohr effecthemoglobinacid-base balanceblood gases

3D · Three.js / WebGL renderer · 60 FPS target · runs fully client-side, no install