🔭 Kosmos i Astronomia

N-Body Gravity 2D — Top-Down SimulationNew📱The 2D top-down twin of N-Body Gravity: the same Barnes-Hut gravitational simulation, mapped… Ion Engine Orbit-Raising: Direct Two-Body Integration (2D)New📱A 2D companion to the 3D ion-thruster orbit-raising spiral: instead of the analytic… MOXIE Cell Cross-Section: Ion Electromigration & O2 YieldNew📱A 2D companion to the 3D MOXIE stack simulator: zoom into one solid-oxide cell's… Exomoon Tidal Heating Detection Map (2D)New📱Scan an exomoon's eccentricity against its orbital distance on a live 2D heatmap of tidal… Dust Grain Growth Barriers 2D: Size-Velocity Phase DiagramNew📱2D counterpart to the protoplanetary-disk dust-growth simulation: a live… Red Giant Envelope Expansion: HR Diagram & TimelineNew📱Watch a star's core-mass-luminosity relation and Stefan-Boltzmann envelope inflation plotted… Conjunction Risk 2D: Monte Carlo Sampler & Pc-vs-Horizon CurveNew📱2D-native pair to the orbital conjunction simulator: a live Monte Carlo B-plane sampler that… Roche Lobe Overflow 2D: Equipotential Field & Mass-Transfer StreamNew📱2D-native pair to the 3D Roche-lobe simulator: the same corotating-frame potential rendered… Runaway Greenhouse Limit: Parameter-Space Map (2D)New📱A live-computed 2D stability field over orbital distance versus CO2 loading shows exactly… Trans-Neptunian Object Classification DiagramNew📱Interactive 2D semi-major-axis-vs-eccentricity classification diagram for trans-Neptunian… Brown Dwarf Cloud Map: Flat-Projection Light Curve SynthesizerNew📱Unroll a spinning brown dwarf's patchy silicate clouds into a flat equirectangular weather… Magnetar Crust Seismogram: Unrolled Torsional Modes (2D)New📱2D companion to the magnetar crust-quake simulator: the same torsional shear-mode ring-down… Exoplanet Cloud Condensation Phase DiagramNew📱Plot a hot exoplanet's pressure-temperature profile against six mineral, metal and salt… Rogue Planet Cooling Track & Detection CurveNew📱2D companion to the 3D rogue planet detector: a cooling-track diagram (luminosity vs age,… Tidal Disruption Event: Energy-Space Fallback DiagramNew📱Watch a star's tidal disruption unfold as a 2D specific-orbital-energy diagram: each debris… Lindblad Wake Map & Migration-Rate CurveNew📱2D companion to the 3D Type I migration simulator: a co-rotating-frame density-wake heatmap… Triple-Alpha Process: Reaction-Rate & Energy-Ladder DiagramNew📱Watch the triple-alpha helium-burning reaction unfold as a mean-field rate equation dY/dt =… Geostationary Drift: Potential Well & Phase PortraitNew📱Watch a geostationary satellite's longitude drift plotted two native 2D ways: as a ball… Biosignature Disequilibrium MapNew📱An exact sky-plane occultation diagram computes a real exoplanet transit light curve from… Exoplanet Magnetopause Pressure Balance (2D)New📱2D pressure-balance graph and meridian cross-section of the Chapman-Ferraro relation between… Halo Orbit Manifold Tubes — Planar Saddle Phase Portrait (2D)New📱Interactive 2D companion to the restricted three-body Lagrange-point simulator: fly a planar… Hot Jupiter Roche-Lobe Escape MapNew📱A 2D restricted-three-body Roche potential and mass-loss parameter map for a hot Jupiter:… GRB Afterglow (2D) — Jet Break Cross-SectionNew📱A 2D meridional cross-section of a decelerating gamma-ray burst jet: the beaming half-angle… Cabin Pressure Phase-Space MonitorNew📱A 2D phase-space companion to the 3D cabin-atmosphere simulator: watch the station's live… Microgravity Water Capture 2D: Vent Vector Field & Droplet CoalescenceNew📱A top-down 2D model of a spacecraft hygiene chamber: droplets drift under a Stokes-drag… Dark Sky Distance (2D) — Skyglow Falloff & Star VisibilityNew📱A 2D road-map and fisheye-sky counterpart to the Walker's Law skyglow model: drag an… X-Ray Pulsar Timing 2D: Barycentric Delay CorrectionNew📱Drag a spacecraft freely around the Sun in this 2D polar view toward a real millisecond… Ground Track & Nodal Precession (2D)New📱A 2D ground-track map of the same J2 nodal-precession physics as the 3D globe version: watch… Cabin Fire Flammability Envelope (2D)New📱2D counterpart of the 3D cabin-fire simulator: a side-view segmented swatch burn test paired… ECLSS Decision-Support Console 2DNew📱A 2D top-down mission-ops console: an EWMA anomaly detector and linear-trend… Ground-Control Delay: Life-Support Stability Simulator (2D)New📱A real 2D canvas view of the delayed CO2-scrubber control loop that drives a spacecraft's… Spacecraft Autonomous Safing Sequence (2D)New📱Interactive 2D spacecraft safety simulator: inject subsystem faults, watch limit-checking… Lunar Ice Prospecting 2D: Neutron Spectrometer MapNew📱Top-down 2D neutron-spectrometer survey of a simulated lunar south-pole crater field: fly a… Gravity Tractor 2D: Slow-Push Asteroid DeflectionNew📱A 2D top-down gravity-tractor console: hover a spacecraft beside a near-Earth asteroid, tune… Segmented Space Telescope Mirror Phasing (2D)New📱Top-down 2D simulator of a JWST-style segmented primary mirror: scatter the 18 hexagonal… Life-Support Funding Lab 2D: TRL Maturation Under a BudgetNew📱Allocate a fixed annual R&D budget across four space life-support subsystems on a pannable… Solar Storm Shelter: Consumables Radiation Shield (2D)New📱Ride out a solar particle event inside a space-station storm shelter, in a 2D cutaway: stack… WIMP Thermal Freeze-Out: Dark Matter Relic Abundance (2D)New📱Solve the Boltzmann freeze-out equation live on a 2D dashboard: a pannable, zoomable… Space Habitat Water Recovery System: Drum Cutaway (2D)New📱2D cutaway of a space habitat's vapor-compression-distillation water recovery drum: drag to… Life-Support Rationing: ECLSS Failure Triage Simulator (2D)New📱A partial life-support failure leaves a space station short of oxygen. Ration the scarce… ECLSS Monte Carlo Reserve-Margin Simulator (2D)New📱Run a Monte Carlo batch of stochastic life-support mass-balance trajectories across a… Spacecraft Power Bus 2D: Fault Protection & Load SheddingNew📱A 2D schematic of a spacecraft power distribution unit: regulate the DC bus fed by a solar… Water Processor Assembly: Stage-by-Stage Kinetics (2D)New📱A 2D companion to the 3D Water Processor Assembly: a flat schematic diagram of the four… Emergency Reserve Drawdown (2D)New📱Simulate a spacecraft's emergency oxygen, water and power reserves draining after a… Life-Support Diagnostics: CUSUM Fault DetectionNew📱Detect faults in real-time using CUSUM charts; avoid cascading failures by isolating issues… Life-Support Diagnostics 3DNew📱Detect and isolate faults in a life-support system using CUSUM charts before they cascade… Solar System DynamicsNew📱Explore a 3D model of the solar system where you can adjust planetary orbits and watch them… Faster-Than-Light TunnelNew📱Streaking stars and a rushing tunnel simulate faster-than-light travel through space. Apollo 13 CO2 Crisis: The Mailbox Scrubber FixNew📱Relive the Apollo 13 life-support crisis: watch carbon dioxide build up in the crowded Lunar… Spacecraft Trace Contaminant Control SystemNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of a spacecraft cabin's trace contaminant control loop: tune crew… Coronagraph Contrast: Imaging an Exoplanet Next to Its StarNew📱An interactive coronagraph simulator: tune the mask's inner working angle and raw contrast… Gravitational Microlensing: Light Curve SimulatorNew📱Watch a foreground star's gravity split and magnify a background star's light as it drifts… Lunar Helium-3 Thermal ExtractionNew📱Heat a batch of solar-wind-implanted lunar regolith and watch helium-3 diffuse out of the… ECLSS Thermal-Vacuum Qualification ChamberNew📱Run a real thermal-vacuum qualification test on a life-support hardware article: control… Atomic Oxygen Erosion of Spacecraft MaterialsNew📱Watch a ram-facing spacecraft material coupon pit and thin out under a simulated… Moonquakes: Seismic Ringing of a Dry, Fractured MoonNew📱Trigger a shallow moonquake, deep moonquake or meteorite impact and watch seismic energy… Ganymede's Mini-MagnetosphereNew📱Interactive 3D model of Ganymede's own dipole magnetic field embedded inside Jupiter's… Spacesuit Liquid Cooling Garment SimulatorNew📱Balance an astronaut's metabolic heat load against a spacesuit's Liquid Cooling and… Peaks of Eternal Light: Lunar Polar Solar SitingNew📱Ray-march a lunar polar crater rim under a low, circling sun to find which peaks stay lit… Neutron Star Mass–Radius RelationNew📱Solve the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation live: adjust a neutron star's central density… Algae Photobioreactor Life-Support SimulatorNew📱Tune LED light intensity, dilution rate, CO2 sparge rate and crew size on a microalgae… Lithium Depletion Boundary in Brown DwarfsNew📱Watch a coeval population of brown dwarfs and low-mass stars contract and heat over time,… Lunar EVA Walk-Back Limit SimulatorNew📱Watch a lunar astronaut's O2 tank and CO2 scrubber deplete in real time while a live safe… Diffraction Spikes: A Segmented Telescope's Point Spread Function (2D)New📱See why JWST-style images have six-pointed stars: build a 19-segment hexagonal mirror with… Zero-Gravity 3D Printer: In-Space Additive ManufacturingNew📱Watch an orbital FDM printer build a spacecraft bracket layer by layer, with extrusion width… Metal Foam Casting: Earth vs MicrogravityNew📱Nucleate gas bubbles in a molten-metal mold and watch Stokes buoyancy, coalescence and a… Gravitational-Wave Detector Noise BudgetNew📱Tune laser power, mirror mass and seismic isolation on a 2D Michelson interferometer… Spacecraft Resupply Logistics: Consumables Stock SimulatorNew📱A crew drains onboard oxygen, water and food while cargo vehicles dock on a scheduled… Lunar Base Power Grid: Ring Distribution & Load SheddingNew📱Simulate a lunar base's ring-topology microgrid connecting solar, fission and battery… Abiotic Oxygen Buildup: Biosignature False PositiveNew📱Simulate XUV-driven photolysis of water on a planet orbiting an active M dwarf: hydrogen… Orbital Plastic RefabricatorNew📱Run a closed-loop orbital recycler that shreds, melts and extrudes plastic waste into… Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect: Exoplanet Spin-Orbit AlignmentNew📱Watch a transiting exoplanet cross a Doppler-shaded rotating star and see the anomalous… Multicultural Crew Food GardenNew📱Allocate a rotating habitat's 60 m² bioregenerative garden across wheat, soy, greens, sweet… Life-Support Standby Switchover ReliabilityNew📱Simulate a redundant life-support module rack with imperfect automatic switchover: pick… Retrograde Motion: Geocentric vs HeliocentricNew📱Watch Earth and Mars orbit the Sun under Kepler's Third Law, then switch to Earth's own sky… Gravitational Wave Polarization 2D — Ring of Test MassesNew📱A flat 2D canvas view of a ring of free-falling test masses stretching and squeezing as a… Orbital Thermal Hotspot Detector — Pushbroom Scan (2D)New📱A top-down pushbroom thermal-IR satellite scan of a planetary lava flow: watch the sensor… Baryon Acoustic Oscillations — 2D Sound HorizonNew📱A real time-domain integration of the cosmological sound speed c_s(t) and comoving sound… Galactic Tidal Stream Simulator (2D)New📱A top-down 2D N-body-lite model: watch a globular cluster orbit a Milky Way-like galaxy and… Path of Totality 2D: Umbra Footprint & Ground-Track SpeedNew📱Interactive 2D top-down eclipse-shadow simulator: compute the Moon's umbra-cone geometry… Galactic Tide & the Oort Cloud Loss Cone (2D)New📱Evolve 220 Oort Cloud comets' eccentricity and perihelion via the orbit-averaged Gauss… Radial Velocity Periodogram: Recovering an Exoplanet's Period from Noisy DataNew📱Generate a noisy, gappy radial-velocity observing campaign of a star wobbling under an… Cepheid Pulsation Oscillator & Phase Lag (2D)New📱Watch a self-excited Van der Pol radial oscillator drive a Cepheid variable star's… Supernova Hubble Diagram — 2D Standard-Candle FitNew📱Fit a live flat-LambdaCDM distance-modulus curve to 60 synthetic Type Ia supernovae by… GIC Network Model: Multi-Substation Faraday SolveNew📱Integrate a synthetic magnetometer trace and numerically differentiate it to recover dB/dt,… Strömgren Disk: 2D Ionization Front GrowthNew📱A hot star embedded in a thin slab of hydrogen gas ionizes a growing cylindrical front,… Lunar Libration Diagram (2D): Kepler Orbit & Wobble TraceNew📱Flat, top-down 2D companion to the 3D libration simulator: solves Kepler's equation for the… Shrinking-Core Ilmenite Reduction — Lunar Oxygen ISRU (2D)New📱Watch a population of lunar ilmenite grains convert under the shrinking-core model: each… Viscous Disk Spacetime Diagram & Radial Profiles (2D)New📱A 2D companion to the accretion-disk viscosity model: the same Lynden-Bell-Pringle diffusion… Circumbinary Planet Stability Zone — 2DNew📱Watch a circumbinary planet's real restricted three-body orbit in the binary's co-rotating… Exoplanet Radial-Velocity Wobble 2D: Cross-Correlation SpectroscopyNew📱Watch a synthetic stellar absorption line get Doppler-shifted by a Keplerian orbit,… Exoplanet Ring Detection 2D — Sky-Plane Transit ModelNew📱A ringed exoplanet's silhouette is projected directly onto the star's sky-plane disk and… FRB Line-of-Sight Dispersion & Scattering Lab (2D)New📱A 2D companion to the 3D dedispersion lab: build an actual clumpy interstellar… Kilonova r-process Nucleosynthesis 2D: Reaction-Network FlowNew📱Watch a deterministic, mass-conserving finite-difference reaction network solve how… Pulsar Glitch 2D: Vortex Avalanche NetworkNew📱The 2D counterpart to the 3D pulsar-glitch simulation: instead of one global critical lag… Type Ia Supernova Flame Front (2D)New📱2D disk cross-section of the same thermonuclear deflagration: mass-weighted tracers sampled… Astrometric Residuals: Recovering a Planet's SignalNew📱Interactive 2D astrometry simulator: watch a star's raw sky-plane track — dominated by… Kirkwood Gap Resonant-Angle Phase Portrait (2D)New📱The same restricted three-body integration as the 3D orbit view (RK4, Sun + circular… Kinetic Impactor: Real Orbit Propagation (2D)New📱2D companion to the kinetic-impactor sim: instead of a linear Δv × time approximation, it… Cosmic Ray Air Shower — Ground Footprint & LDF Plot (2D)New📱Top-down 2D view of a cosmic-ray extensive air shower's ground footprint, paired with a live… Solar Sail Thrust & Orbit Steering (2D)New📱Tilt a solar sail cone angle and reflectivity in this top-down 2D orbital simulator to… Space Elevator Tether Modal Resonance (2D)New📱2D companion to the space-elevator tether-resonance simulator: instead of stepping the wave… MRI Channel-Mode Disk Instability (2D)New📱A purely 2D companion model that solves the exact linear magnetorotational instability (MRI)… 2D Current-Sheet Reconnection: GOES Flare ClassifierNew📱A true 2D magnetic-reconnection model: a Harris current sheet thins under continued shear… Asteroid Mining 2D: Radial Reaction & Orbital EjectaNew📱Interactive 2D cross-section simulation of the Newton's-third-law problem in asteroid… Pulsar Timing Array 2D: Hellings–Downs from Discrete SourcesNew📱A 2D polar sky-chart pulsar timing array that builds the gravitational-wave background by… Exoplanet Transit & Radial Velocity SimulationNew📱На цьому схематичному зображення з'єднано метод транзиту — показуючи профіль світлової… Exoplanet Transit & Radial Velocity SimulationNew📱Цей візуальний моделювач показує двомійські системи з урахуванням законів Кеплера — орбіту… Space Debris SimulationNew📱Двомірна симуляція показує орбітальні траекторії всіх розсіянь на одній площині, з… Space Debris SimulationNew📱Тривимірна симуляція використовує модель Землі з інклінованою орбітою для показу нахилених… Redundant Life SupportNew📱Simulate a backup life support system's switchover process, including fault detection delay… Redundant Life SupportNew📱Explore a 3D bay with primary and backup scrubber units. Watch as the spinning rotor blades… Space Life Support CrisisNew📱Manage a series of life support system failures under time pressure using… Space Life Support CrisisNew📱Repair six faulty systems around a station ring by controlling repair drones that must fly… Space Life Support Failure ModesNew📱Explore how independent components fail in series and parallel configurations using… Space Life Support Failure ModesNew📱Simulate a Monte-Carlo reliability-block diagram to see failure chances converge to the… Life Support SystemsNew📱Compare bioregenerative algae systems to chemical LiOH canisters. Algae mass grows linearly… Life Support SystemsNew📱Visualize a bioreactor tank with rising O2 bubbles and a stack of shrinking chemical canisters. Mars Transit Life SupportNew📱Simulate a closed-loop system where recycling efficiency and reserve margins are crucial for… Mars Transit Life SupportNew📱Model a spacecraft's journey using a Hohmann transfer orbit, with a physical tank mesh that… Maintenance SchedulerNew📱Synchronize scheduled services to reset exponential wear curves, balancing maintenance… Maintenance SchedulerNew📱Service an equipment rack in a sequential manner as its panels visibly rust over time,… Space Life Support MonitoringNew📱Monitor and adjust sensor noise, alarm threshold, and debounce logic to prevent false alarms… Space Life Support MonitoringNew📱Simulate a 3D cabin with fixed sensor nodes reacting to a leak plume, showing which sensors… Efficiency Tradeoff SimulatorNew📱Explore the balance between power and weight in space-life-support systems using a… Efficiency Tradeoff SimulatorNew📱Visualize the full capacity surface of space-life-support systems with a marker moving on… CO2 Scrubber ComparisonNew📱Explore how different CO2 scrubbing materials—LiOH, amine, and zeolite 5A—absorb carbon… CO2 Scrubber ComparisonNew📱Visualize the molecular-scale capture of CO2 by a lattice of sorbent particles, showing how… Humidity Control SystemNew📱Explore how vapor generation and condensing heat exchanger removal affect cabin humidity… Humidity Control SystemNew📱Visualize cabin interior conditions with mist particles representing humidity, and observe… Bone Density and Muscle AtrophyNew📱Explore how bone density decreases and muscles weaken in microgravity. Adjust exercise… Bone Density and Muscle AtrophyNew📱Observe five key skeletal sites on a floating astronaut figure, where markers shrink and… Space Elevator TensionNew📱Explore how gravity and centrifugal force balance to maintain a stable tether from Earth's… Space Elevator TensionNew📱Visualize an optimal taper for the rotating tether, with fleets of climbers traversing it… Orbital RendezvousNew📱Simulate a spacecraft's journey using Hohmann transfer orbits to rendezvous with another in… Orbital RendezvousNew📱Navigate a complex 3D environment, ensuring your spacecraft meets the target station within… Warp Bubble DynamicsNew📱Visualizes how spacetime contracts and expands around a bubble, creating a flat interior… Warp Bubble DynamicsNew📱Displays a lattice of points displaced along the travel axis by the expansion scalar field… Cabin Decompression CrisisNew📱Experience the rapid pressure decay in a simulated space capsule as air rushes out through a… Cabin Decompression CrisisNew📱Explore a 3D habitat module where you must locate and patch a hull breach, managing debris… Atmosphere Life-Support SimulatorNew📱Explore real-life space missions with this closed-loop simulator, tuning CO2 scrubbers, O2… 3D Space Habitat Life SupportNew📱Explore real-life oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water balance in a 3D cutaway of a spacecraft… Witch's Broom Nebula: 3D Volumetric ShockwaveNew📱Full 3D volumetric simulation of a supernova remnant's filamentary shockwave, modeled on the… Witch's Broom Nebula: Shockwave (2D)New📱Interactive 2D simulation of a supernova remnant's expanding filamentary shockwave, modeled… Black Hole Spaghettification: 3DNew📱Free-orbit 3D simulation of black hole spaghettification: watch a chain of masses stretch… Black Hole SpaghettificationNew📱Interactive 2D simulation of tidal spaghettification: drop a jointed chain object toward a… Baryon Acoustic Oscillations — The Frozen Sound WaveNew📱Watch a real sound wave ring outward through the photon-baryon plasma of the early universe… Galactic Tidal Stream SimulatorNew📱Watch a globular cluster orbit a Milky Way-like galaxy and get torn apart by differential… Gravitational Wave Polarization — Ring of Test MassesNew📱Watch a ring of free-falling test masses stretch and squeeze as a gravitational wave passes… Orbital Thermal Hotspot DetectorNew📱Fly a thermal-infrared sensor over an active planetary lava flow and see the real 'mixed… Galactic Tide & the Oort Cloud Loss ConeNew📱Directly integrate 200 Oort Cloud bodies in 3D under the Sun's gravity plus the Milky Way's… Path of Totality: Umbra Footprint & Ground-Track SpeedNew📱Interactive 3D umbra-cone simulator that computes how the Moon's shadow footprint stretches… Geomagnetically Induced Currents: Power Grid RiskNew📱Watch a solar-wind disturbance compress Earth's magnetosphere and drive Faraday-law telluric… Radial Velocity Method: Detecting Exoplanets by Stellar WobbleNew📱Watch a star wobble around its barycenter as an unseen planet tugs on it, Doppler-shifting… Cepheid Pulsation & the Period–Luminosity RelationNew📱Watch the kappa-mechanism drive a Cepheid variable star's radial pulsation, with radius and… Strömgren Sphere: HII Region GrowthNew📱Watch a hot star's ultraviolet photons carve out a growing sphere of ionized hydrogen gas,… Neutron Star Mass–Radius RelationNew📱Solve the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation live: adjust a neutron star's central density… Supernova Light-Curve Time DilationNew📱Watch a distant Type Ia supernova's light curve stretch by a factor of (1+z) as its light… Ilmenite Hydrogen Reduction — Lunar Oxygen ISRUNew📱Tumble lunar ilmenite grains in a heated hydrogen-atmosphere reactor and watch FeTiO3 + H2 →… Lunar Libration — Why We See 59% of the MoonNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of lunar libration: a tidally-locked moon's constant spin rate… Magnetorotational Instability in Accretion DisksNew📱A local shearing-box model of the magnetorotational instability (MRI): tune magnetic field… Kirkwood Gap Eccentricity PumpingNew📱Integrate a single test asteroid trapped in a Jupiter mean-motion resonance (4:1, 3:1, 5:2,… Gravitational Microlensing: Light Curve SimulatorNew📱Watch a foreground star's gravity split and magnify a background star's light as it drifts… GOES X-ray Flare Classification SimulatorNew📱Build up magnetic free energy in a solar active region and trigger a reconnection flare… Kinetic Impactor Momentum Enhancement (β)New📱Fire a kinetic impactor into a target asteroid and see how the ejecta momentum-enhancement… Cosmic Ray Air Shower Ground FootprintNew📱Watch the secondary particles of a cosmic-ray extensive air shower rain onto a ground… Gravitational-Wave Detector Noise BudgetNew📱Tune laser power, mirror mass and seismic isolation on a 3D Michelson interferometer to see… Solar Sail Radiation Pressure: Thrust VectorNew📱Tilt a solar sail's cone angle and tune its reflectivity from black absorber to perfect… Asteroid Mining: Microgravity Anchoring & Reaction ForcesNew📱Interactive 3D simulation of the Newton's-third-law problem in asteroid mining: a drill's… Space Elevator Climber-Induced Tether ResonanceNew📱Interactive 3D simulation of transverse wave dynamics in a space elevator tether: a climbing… Pulsar Timing Array: Hellings–Downs CorrelationNew📱Watch correlated timing residuals from a stochastic gravitational-wave background build up… Conjunction Tracking & Collision ProbabilityNew📱Track a satellite-debris conjunction in 3D, grow the position-uncertainty covariance over… Exomoon Tidal Heating DetectionNew📱Tune an exomoon's eccentricity, orbital distance and tidal dissipation efficiency, then… Halo Orbit Manifold TubesNew📱Fly a spacecraft's halo or Lissajous orbit around the Sun-Earth L1 or L2 Lagrange point in… Brown Dwarf Weather: Patchy Clouds & Rotational VariabilityNew📱Watch patchy silicate cloud bands sweep across a spinning brown dwarf and generate a live… Geostationary Longitude Drift & Station-KeepingNew📱Watch a geostationary satellite drift toward one of Earth's two natural gravity-well… Dust Grain Growth Barriers in a Protoplanetary DiskNew📱Simulate colliding dust aggregates in a protoplanetary disk patch, where real turbulence and… Circumbinary Planet Stability ZoneNew📱Fly a planet around a binary star pair and watch it stay bound or get chaotically ejected,… Kuiper Belt Collisional CascadeNew📱Watch a population of icy Kuiper Belt objects grind itself down through catastrophic… Roche Lobe Overflow: Binary Mass Transfer StreamNew📱Watch a real ray-marched Roche lobe equipotential surface, a numerically located L1 Lagrange… Radiation-Pressure Blowout in a Debris DiskNew📱A belt of icy planetesimals grinds itself down through collisions, and each fresh dust… Biosignature Disequilibrium DetectorNew📱Watch an exoplanet transit its star while a photochemistry model tracks O2 and CH4 build-up… Globular Cluster Core CollapseNew📱Watch two-body relaxation drive gravothermal core collapse and mass segregation in a… Kilonova r-process NucleosynthesisNew📱Simulate the rapid neutron-capture (r-process) that forges gold, platinum, and uranium in a… Red Giant Envelope ExpansionNew📱Watch a star's degenerate helium core contract while hydrogen-shell burning inflates its… Viscous Torque & Angular Momentum Transport in an Accretion DiskNew📱Watch a narrow ring of gas spread and drain onto a central object as a live-solved viscous… Triple-Alpha Process: Helium Burning & the Hoyle StateNew📱Watch helium-4 nuclei collide into unstable beryllium-8 and then, through the resonant Hoyle… Type Ia Supernova: Carbon Deflagration Flame FrontNew📱Watch a Rayleigh-Taylor-wrinkled thermonuclear deflagration front burn outward through a… Carbon-Oxygen Phase Separation in a Crystallizing White DwarfNew📱A 3D simulation of Coulomb crystallization in a white dwarf core: oxygen ions freeze into… Exoplanet Ring Detection — Transit Light Curve AsymmetryNew📱A tilted, semi-transparent ring system transits a limb-darkened star while a live-computed… Magnetar Crust Seismology: Torsional Ringdown ModesNew📱Excite global torsional (shear) oscillation modes on a magnetar's crust after a starquake… Trans-Neptunian Object Orbital ClassificationNew📱Tune a test object's semi-major axis, eccentricity and inclination and watch it get… Exoplanet Libration WobbleNew📱Watch a tidally locked exoplanet's substellar point rotate at a constant rate while its true… Type I Migration — Lindblad Torque SimulatorNew📱A low-mass protoplanet embedded in a gas disk excites inner and outer Lindblad density waves… X-Ray Pulsar Timing: Barycentric Delay CorrectionNew📱Fly a spacecraft through the inner solar system toward a real millisecond pulsar and watch… Lithium Depletion Boundary in Brown DwarfsNew📱Watch a coeval population of brown dwarfs and low-mass stars contract and heat over time,… Runaway Greenhouse LimitNew📱Tune a planet's orbital distance, star luminosity, albedo and CO2 loading and watch whether… Exoplanet Magnetopause Standoff DistanceNew📱Balance a stellar wind's ram pressure against an exoplanet's dipole magnetic field using the… Hot Jupiter Atmospheric EscapeNew📱Watch a hot Jupiter's hydrogen atmosphere blow off into a comet-like trailing tail as… Abiotic Oxygen Buildup: Biosignature False PositiveNew📱Simulate XUV-driven photolysis of water on a planet orbiting an active M dwarf: hydrogen… Coronagraph Contrast: Imaging an Exoplanet Next to Its StarNew📱An interactive coronagraph simulator: tune the mask's inner working angle and raw contrast… Fast Radio Burst Dedispersion LabNew📱Watch a fast radio burst's dispersion sweep across a radio band in a live 3D dynamic… Pulsar Glitch: Superfluid Vortex UnpinningNew📱Watch quantized superfluid vortices pin to a pulsar's crustal lattice, storing angular… GRB Afterglow — Relativistic Jet BreakNew📱Watch a gamma-ray burst's relativistic jet decelerate: the Lorentz factor falls, the 1/Γ… Rogue Planet Infrared Glow DetectorNew📱Watch a free-floating rogue planet cool by gravitational contraction and see whether its… Tidal Disruption Event: Stellar Debris StreamNew📱Watch a star cross a supermassive black hole's tidal radius, get torn into a stream of bound… Exoplanet Cloud Condensation SequenceNew📱Build a hot exoplanet's pressure-temperature profile and watch iron, silicate, sulfide, salt… Exoplanet Radial-Velocity WobbleNew📱Watch a host star trace its own small orbit around the barycenter it shares with an unseen… Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect: Exoplanet Spin-Orbit AlignmentNew📱Watch a transiting exoplanet cross a Doppler-shaded rotating star and see the anomalous… Space Power Beaming: Diffraction-Limited Rectenna EfficiencyNew📱Interactive 3D model of microwave power beaming from a geostationary solar power satellite… Stellar Core Fusion: pp-Chain vs CNO CycleNew📱An interactive 3D stellar core where you tune temperature, hydrogen fraction and metallicity… Astrometric Exoplanet Detection: The Star's Wobble on the SkyNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of the astrometric detection method: watch a star trace a tiny… Relativistic Dust Shield SimulatorNew📱Fly a relativistic starship through the interstellar medium and watch real physics compute… Ion Engine Orbit-Raising SpiralNew📱Fly a low-thrust ion-propelled spacecraft from a starting orbit outward in a real… ECLSS Redundancy & Failure Cascade SimulatorNew📱Stress-test a space station's life-support system: adjust crew size, backup module… Dark Sky Distance — Light Pollution & Star Visibility SimulatorNew📱Drive away from a city at night and watch the sky darken: a real skyglow-propagation model… Moonquakes: Seismic Ringing of a Dry, Fractured MoonNew📱Trigger a shallow moonquake, deep moonquake or meteorite impact and watch seismic energy… MOXIE: Mars Oxygen ISRU ElectrolysisNew📱Model the real electrochemistry behind NASA's MOXIE experiment: a solid-oxide electrolysis… Peaks of Eternal Light: Lunar Polar Solar SitingNew📱Ray-march a lunar polar crater rim under a low, circling sun to find which peaks stay lit… Nodal Precession & Sun-Synchronous OrbitsNew📱Tune a satellite's altitude, eccentricity and inclination and watch Earth's equatorial bulge… AGN Unified Model: Torus Obscuration & Jet BeamingNew📱Orbit a supermassive black hole's dusty torus and relativistic jets in 3D — your own viewing… Gravity Tractor: Slow-Push Asteroid DeflectionNew📱Fly a gravity-tractor spacecraft alongside a near-Earth asteroid and deflect it using only… Satellite Pass: Doppler Shift & Elevation TrackerNew📱Fly a low-Earth-orbit satellite past a ground station and watch the Doppler-shifted downlink… GPS Dilution of Precision — Satellite Geometry & Position AccuracyNew📱Arrange a GNSS constellation across the sky, apply an elevation mask, and watch… Retrograde Motion: Geocentric vs HeliocentricNew📱Watch Earth and Mars orbit the Sun under Kepler's Third Law, then switch to Earth's own sky… Spacecraft Thermal Balance in OrbitNew📱Watch a satellite's surface temperature rise and fall in real time as absorbed solar… Hill Sphere: A Planet's Gravitational ReachNew📱A real restricted three-body integration: watch a test moon orbit a planet while the Sun's… Cabin Humidity Control: Condensing Heat ExchangerNew📱Model a spacecraft's condensing heat exchanger: cool cabin air below its dew point so excess… Dark Flow: Anomalous Bulk Motion of Galaxy ClustersNew📱Scatter galaxy clusters through an expanding 3D volume, inject a coherent 'dark flow'… Regolith Gardening: Lunar Artifact PreservationNew📱Watch micrometeorite "gardening" churn a patch of the Apollo 11 landing site over geological… Cabin Pressure & Nitrogen Dilution ControlNew📱Model a space station's dual-gas cabin atmosphere: open a hull leak and watch O2 and N2… Spacesuit Liquid Cooling Garment SimulatorNew📱Balance an astronaut's metabolic heat load against a spacesuit's Liquid Cooling and… Deep-Space Telehealth Delay SimulatorNew📱Interactive 3D simulation of astronaut telemedicine over real Earth-Moon and Earth-Mars… Deep Space Network Coverage SimulatorNew📱Rotate a 3D Earth carrying the three real Deep Space Network antenna complexes — Goldstone,… Space Crew Cohesion & Morale SimulatorNew📱An agent-based model of a long-duration space crew: pairwise cohesion and individual morale… Laser Ablation Debris DeorbitNew📱A ground-based ablation laser fires on an orbiting debris fragment every time it crosses… Hull Breach: Rapid Cabin DecompressionNew📱Simulate a spacecraft hull breach with real choked-flow gas dynamics: adjust breach size,… Emergency Reserve DrawdownNew📱Simulate a spacecraft's emergency oxygen, water and power reserves draining after a… Kilopower: Space Fission Reactor with Stirling ConversionNew📱Model a NASA-Kilopower-style fission reactor: sodium heat pipes carry core heat to… Station Power Budget: Load-Shedding ControllerNew📱Interactive 3D orbital power-budget simulator: a degrading solar array and battery bank feed… ARED Space Exercise SimulatorNew📱An interactive 3D model of the ISS's vacuum-cylinder resistance exercise device: watch… Aerobraking Campaign — Walking Down an Orbit with Atmospheric DragNew📱Fly a real Keplerian capture orbit around a Mars-sized planet and use repeated periapsis… Vostok 1: First Human Orbit & Ballistic ReentryNew📱Fly Yuri Gagarin's real April 12, 1961 orbit — perigee 169 km, apogee 327 km, inclination… Segmented Space Telescope Mirror PhasingNew📱Scatter the 18 hexagonal segments of a JWST-style primary mirror with nanometre-scale piston… Immiscible Alloy Solidification: Earth vs MicrogravityNew📱Melt a two-phase immiscible metal alloy in twin crucibles — one under Earth gravity, one in… Spacecraft Fire: Microgravity Flame Ball SimulatorNew📱Watch a flame collapse from a tall buoyant teardrop into the small, cool, near-spherical… ISS Food Pantry: Shelf-Life Decay SimulatorNew📱A 3D rack of ISS food pouches decays under a real Q10 accelerated-shelf-life model — pick… Geostationary Slot Coordination SimulatorNew📱Place satellites around a real-scale geostationary ring and watch ITU coordination in… Rotating Habitat Walking GravityNew📱Design a rotating space habitat's radius and spin rate, then walk prograde or retrograde… Cabin Fire Flammability EnvelopeNew📱Tune a spacecraft cabin's oxygen fraction, total pressure, material and gravity to see… Habitat Module Acoustic Privacy PlannerNew📱Lay out a space station corridor in 3D and see real decibel readings: sound spreads from… Space Station Life Support Loop (ECLSS)New📱An interactive 3D mass-balance simulator of a space station's closed-loop life support… Space Habitat Water Recovery SystemNew📱Interactive 3D vapor-compression-distillation simulator: recycle a space habitat's urine and… EVA Spacewalk Biomonitoring DashboardNew📱Drive an astronaut's workload during a spacewalk and watch heart rate, core temperature and… Lunar Helium-3 Thermal ExtractionNew📱Heat a batch of solar-wind-implanted lunar regolith and watch helium-3 diffuse out of the… Microgravity Water Capture: Airflow vs Surface TensionNew📱A 3D simulation of a spacecraft hygiene chamber where free-floating water droplets are… Microgravity Combustion: Droplet Flame LabNew📱Ignite a fiber-suspended fuel droplet in a simulated ISS combustion rack and slide gravity… Life Support PID Control Loop TunerNew📱Tune a real PID feedback controller for a spacecraft cabin CO2 scrubber and watch the closed… Algae Photobioreactor Life-Support SimulatorNew📱Tune LED light intensity, dilution rate, CO2 sparge rate and crew size on a microalgae… Life-Support Reliability Demonstration TestNew📱Run a binomial reliability demonstration test on spacecraft life-support hardware: set a… Spacecraft Water Recovery SystemNew📱Interactive 3D vapor-compression distillation simulator: tune crew size, wastewater feed and… ECLSS Change-Window Margin SimulatorNew📱Run a formal engineering change on a spacecraft's primary CO2 scrubber: take it offline… Life Support Architecture Comparison: Resupply Mass SimulatorNew📱Compare three real space-habitat life-support architectures -- open-loop expendable,… Cabin CO2 Scrubber Compliance MonitorNew📱Simulate a spacecraft cabin's two-bed molecular-sieve CO2 scrubber: tune crew size, activity… Cabin Bioaerosol Control: HEPA Filtration LoopNew📱Model a spacecraft cabin's airborne microbial load: crew bioaerosol generation versus HEPA… ECLSS Reliability Growth SimulatorNew📱Run the Crow-AMSAA reliability growth model on a spacecraft life-support rack: every failure… ISS Life Support Cooperation NetworkNew📱Interactive 3D model of three interconnected space-station modules -- a US lab with a CDRA… ECLSS Spares Provisioning: MTBF-Driven Cost ModelNew📱Size a spare-parts cache for five real ECLSS components from their mean time between… Multicultural Crew Food GardenNew📱Allocate a rotating habitat's 60 m² bioregenerative garden across wheat, soy, greens, sweet… ECLSS Sensor Spoofing: Life-Support Intrusion DetectorNew📱Inject a false-data attack into one of three redundant cabin oxygen sensors and watch a… ECLSS Telemetry Anomaly DetectorNew📱Tune a live EWMA anomaly detector across five spacecraft life-support sensor streams, inject… ECLSS Decision-Support ConsoleNew📱An EWMA anomaly detector and linear-trend Remaining-Useful-Life estimator feed a weighted… CO2 Reduction Reactor Design: Sabatier vs BoschNew📱A design trade-study simulator comparing the two real spacecraft CO2-reduction reactors --… Vacuum Chamber Outreach Demo: Boyle's Law & the Armstrong LimitNew📱A real 3D bell-jar vacuum-chamber demo used at space-education outreach events: pump down… Life Support Equivalent System Mass Trade CalculatorNew📱Compare expendable, physicochemical-regenerative and bioregenerative space-habitat… Spacecraft Bioburden SterilizationNew📱Watch a spore field on a spacecraft panel die off under real dry-heat D-value/z-value… Life-Support Rationing: ECLSS Failure Triage SimulatorNew📱A partial life-support failure leaves a space station short of oxygen. Choose how the scarce… Life-Support Funding Lab: TRL Maturation Under a BudgetNew📱Allocate a fixed annual R&D budget across four space life-support subsystems and watch each… Space Habitat Waste-to-Biogas DigesterNew📱Interactive 3D anaerobic digester model for a space habitat: tune crew waste feed rate,… Apollo 13 CO2 Crisis: The Mailbox Scrubber FixNew📱Relive the Apollo 13 life-support crisis: watch carbon dioxide build up in the crowded Lunar… ECLSS-Thermal Integration: Interface Heat ExchangerNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of a spacecraft's Interface Heat Exchanger, the component that… ECLSS Integration Test BenchNew📱Activate spacecraft life-support subsystems one, two, three or all four at a time and watch… March-In Rights: NASA Life-Support Patent SimulatorNew📱Run the Bayh-Dole Act march-in-rights clock on a federally funded space life-support patent:… Life Support Umbilical Interoperability SimulatorNew📱Dock two spacecraft modules through a standardized umbilical interface and see whether their… The Mailbox: CO2 Scrubber Adapter CrisisNew📱Interactive 3D simulation of the Apollo 13 'mailbox' fix: cabin CO2 rises faster than the… Spacecraft Resupply Logistics: Consumables Stock SimulatorNew📱A crew drains onboard oxygen, water and food while cargo vehicles dock on a scheduled… ECLSS Preventive Maintenance SchedulerNew📱Schedule preventive vs reactive maintenance across five life-support modules whose failure… Life-Support Pressure Vessel Material SelectorNew📱Design a spacecraft life-support pressure tank in real time: pick a structural material, set… ECLSS Monte Carlo Reserve-Margin SimulatorNew📱Run a Monte Carlo batch of stochastic life-support mass-balance trajectories in 3D, sampling… Sabatier Loop Closure OptimizerNew📱Tune electrolysis current, Sabatier reactor temperature and catalyst age to maximize a… Spacecraft Trace Contaminant Control SystemNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of a spacecraft cabin's trace contaminant control loop: tune crew… ECLSS Development Schedule Risk SimulatorNew📱Lay out an 11-task spacecraft life-support (ECLSS) development project as a 3D critical-path… ECLSS Component Acceptance Sampling (AQL)New📱Manufacture a lot of 200 spacecraft life-support components at a chosen true defect rate,… Space Cabin CO2 Exposure-Limit ComparatorNew📱Interactive 3D cabin-atmosphere simulator that integrates crew CO2 production against a… Life-Support Standby Switchover ReliabilityNew📱Simulate a redundant life-support module rack with imperfect automatic switchover: pick… Ground-Control Delay: Life-Support Stability SimulatorNew📱Drive a real proportional CO2-scrubber control loop with the round-trip light-time delay… Space Life Support Risk MatrixNew📱Tune MTBF, redundancy and mission duration for five spacecraft ECLSS subsystems and watch… Life-Support Economies of ScaleNew📱Interactive 3D model of how a closed-loop ECLSS scales from a 6-person crew to a 1000+… Life-Support Standards Compliance EnvelopeNew📱Simulate a spacecraft cabin's CO2, O2 and total pressure with a real mass-balance model,… Orbital Resupply Buffer StockNew📱Interactive orbital station resupply simulator: a life-support consumable buffer depletes… Closed-Loop Life Support Sustainability IndexNew📱Tune the recycling efficiency of a spacecraft's water, oxygen and solid-waste loops and… Lunar EVA Walk-Back Limit SimulatorNew📱Watch a lunar astronaut's O2 tank and CO2 scrubber deplete in real time while a live safe… Space Life-Support Technology Transfer: TRL Gate PipelineNew📱Watch a space life-support technology (water recovery, CO2 scrubbing, air recycling) climb… ECLSS Thermal-Vacuum Qualification ChamberNew📱Run a real thermal-vacuum qualification test on a life-support scrubber article: control… ECLSS Fault Diagnosis TrainerNew📱Run timed malfunction drills as a crew life-support officer: a fault is injected into the… Life-Support Alarm Console: Interface Design & Operator ResponseNew📱A 3D, 36-panel ECLSS alarm console where you acknowledge randomized cascading alarms while… Metal Foam Casting: Earth vs MicrogravityNew📱Nucleate gas bubbles in a molten-metal mold and watch Stokes buoyancy, coalescence and a… Atomic Oxygen Erosion of Spacecraft MaterialsNew📱Watch a ram-facing spacecraft material coupon pit and thin out under a simulated… Asteroid Mining Mission Trade StudyNew📱Pick a target asteroid, a propulsion system and a payload size, and watch a real… Space Mining Site Selection: Delta-v EconomicsNew📱Compare four space-mining targets — lunar polar ice, a C-type near-Earth asteroid, an M-type… Mission Δv Budget LadderNew📱Stack a real Earth-to-Mars mission's maneuver legs — departure burn, mid-course correction,… Deep-Space Doppler TrackingNew📱Track a spacecraft on a Kepler orbit from a rotating ground station and watch two-way… Sunshield Radiative Cooling SimulatorNew📱Interactive 3D simulator of a space telescope's multi-layer sunshield: stack up to six… Oxygen Candle: Chemical Oxygen GeneratorNew📱Interactive 3D model of a sodium-chlorate oxygen candle: a self-propagating exothermic burn… Airlock Pressure Equalization CycleNew📱Cycle a spacecraft airlock between habitat pressure and vacuum for EVA egress and ingress,… Solar Storm Shelter: Consumables Radiation ShieldNew📱Ride out a solar particle event inside a space-station storm shelter: stack water and food… Cryo Depot Boil-Off vs ISRU ResupplyNew📱Tune MLI insulation layers, a deployable sun shield, cryocooler power and a local ISRU… Spacecraft Autonomous Safing SequenceNew📱Interactive 3D spacecraft safety simulator: inject subsystem faults, watch limit-checking… Space Toilet Water Recovery: Vapor-Compression DistillationNew📱Interactive 3D model of a spacecraft Water Recovery System: a spinning distillation drum… Lambert's Problem: Orbital Rendezvous Transfer SolverNew📱Solve Lambert's problem live in 3D: pick a departure orbit, a target orbit, the transfer… Space Station Relay Link CoverageNew📱Interactive 3D orbital-geometry simulator: watch a space station's communication link hop… Ion Engine Grid Erosion & LifetimeNew📱Watch charge-exchange ions sputter-erode a gridded ion thruster's accelerator grid over… Reentry Casualty Risk AssessmentNew📱Simulate an uncontrolled satellite reentry — orbital decay, aero-thermal breakup, and a… Watchdog Timer & Safe-Mode CascadeNew📱Four spacecraft subsystems each run their own watchdog timer, force-rebooting on a missed… Spacecraft Power Bus: Fault Protection & Load SheddingNew📱A 3D model of a spacecraft power distribution unit: regulate the DC bus fed by a solar array… Ground Station Contact SchedulerNew📱Watch a shell of LEO satellites rise and set over a single ground-station dish and compare… Satellite Attitude Control: Quaternion PD vs Gimbal LockNew📱Command a target roll, pitch and yaw for a rigid satellite driven by a real quaternion PD… Radiation Bit-Flip Detector: SEU & Memory ScrubbingNew📱Cosmic-ray strikes flip bits in a spacecraft's onboard memory as a Poisson process. Watch a… Zero-G Weld Pool: Marangoni Convection SimulatorNew📱Weld a plate with an electron beam and toggle Earth gravity vs orbital microgravity to watch… Lunar Base Power Grid: Ring Distribution & Load SheddingNew📱Simulate a lunar base's ring-topology microgrid connecting solar, fission and battery… Thermal Louvers: Passive Bimetallic Radiator ControlNew📱Watch a spacecraft's passive bimetallic-spring thermal louvers open and close over an orbit,… Proportional Navigation Guidance: Terminal InterceptNew📱A chaser spacecraft flies a real proportional-navigation guidance law against a maneuvering… Design for Demise: Satellite Reentry SurvivabilityNew📱Drop a decommissioned satellite's fuel tank, reaction wheel and structural bus through a… Solar Sail Asteroid Deflection: Slow-Push Radiation PressureNew📱Attach a reflective sail to a near-Earth asteroid and steer continuous solar radiation… Regenerative Fuel Cell: Lunar Night Power StorageNew📱Simulate a regenerative hydrogen fuel cell storing solar power across the two-week lunar… Radio Occultation: Sounding a Planet's AtmosphereNew📱Fly a probe through a real radio-occultation geometry and watch its downlink bend and… Asteroid Impact Risk: B-Plane Keyhole AnalysisNew📱Explore how an asteroid's orbit-uncertainty cloud, projected on the encounter b-plane,… JWST Transit Stacking: Detecting an Exoplanet Atmosphere from NoiseNew📱Stack repeated JWST transits of a TRAPPIST-1-like planet and watch CO2 and H2O absorption… Ganymede's Mini-MagnetosphereNew📱Interactive 3D model of Ganymede's own dipole magnetic field embedded inside Jupiter's… AMS-02 Positron Excess: Charge-Sign SpectrometerNew📱Fire electrons and positrons through a 3D model of the AMS-02 magnetic spectrometer aboard… LEO-PNT GNSS Convergence SimulatorNew📱Watch MEO GNSS satellites (GPS Block III, Galileo FOC, GLONASS-K2, BeiDou-3 class) and… LIFE Nulling Interferometer: Rotating Baseline Exoplanet ImagingNew📱Fly a 4-collector nulling interferometer modeled on the LIFE mission concept: rotate the… Space Elevator Coriolis DeflectionNew📱Watch a climber ascend a space-elevator tether from Earth's surface toward a counterweight… Single-Event Latchup Protection SimulatorNew📱Fire heavy ions at a 3D grid of spacecraft ICs, trigger parasitic-thyristor single-event… Sample Return Capsule: Hyperbolic ReentryNew📱Fly an asteroid sample-return capsule (Hayabusa2/OSIRIS-REx style) through a direct… WIMP Thermal Freeze-Out: Dark Matter Relic AbundanceNew📱Numerically integrate the Boltzmann freeze-out equation for a WIMP dark-matter candidate and… Sedna's Detached Orbit & the Inner Oort CloudNew📱Propagate real Kepler orbits for Neptune, a Kuiper belt object, Sedna and 2012 VP113 side by… Cosmic Recombination — The Saha Equation & Last ScatteringNew📱Solve the real Saha ionization equation frame-by-frame to watch the early universe's… Hall Thruster Channel Erosion & LifetimeNew📱Watch ion sputtering erode a Hall thruster's ceramic discharge-channel wall over a simulated… Lunar Safety Zone De-conflictionNew📱Notify crewed bases, mining operations and science outposts on a 3D Moon and watch their…