☀️ Solar Panel Simulator

Optimise your solar panel's tilt angle and azimuth to maximise daily and annual energy yield. The simulator uses the solar declination and hour-angle equations for any latitude and day of year, with temperature derating.

Location & Time

Latitude (°) 48 Day of year 172

Panel Orientation

Tilt (°) 30 Azimuth (°S) 0

Panel Properties

Efficiency η (%) 20 Area (m²) 2.0 Amb. Temp (°C) 25

Stats

Peak power— W

Daily energy— Wh

Optimal tilt—°

Sunrise / Sunset—

About This Simulation

The power output of a photovoltaic panel depends on the angle of incidence of solar irradiance. This simulation computes the solar altitude and azimuth for any latitude and day of year using the standard declination–hour-angle method:

δ = 23.45° × sin(360° × (284 + doy) / 365) · sin(alt) = sin(φ)sin(δ) + cos(φ)cos(δ)cos(h)

The irradiance on the tilted panel G_t = G₀ × cos(θ_i), where θ_i is the angle of incidence between the sun vector and the panel normal. Power P = η × A × G_t × (1 − 0.004 × (T_cell − 25)), accounting for temperature derating. Clicking Auto-Optimise searches the (tilt, azimuth) space to find the configuration that maximises daily energy yield for the current latitude and day.