Solar Energy Simulator

Interactive simulator for investigating solar energy and photovoltaic systems. Calculate panel efficiency, power production, and economic effectiveness.

Energy and ecology Average level 25-35 min
100 m²
5 hours/day
18%

Energy production

0 kW·h/day
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System Power

0 kW
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COâ‚‚ savings

0 kg/year
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Payback

0 years
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Solar energy

Solar energy is the energy obtained from solar radiation and converted into electricity using photovoltaic panels or into heat using solar collectors.

Principle of operation of photovoltaic panels:

  1. Solar light falls on photovoltaic panels
  2. Photons of light knock electrons out of silicon atoms
  3. Electrons move through the p-n junction
  4. A constant electric current is created
  5. Inverter converts DC to AC

Advantages of solar energy:

  • An inexhaustible energy source
  • Environmental Cleanliness
  • System Modularity
  • Long service life (25+ years)
  • Minimum maintenance

Types of solar panels

Monocrystalline panels

Efficiency: 18-22%

Advantages: Highest efficiency, compactness

Disadvantages: Higher cost, sensitive to shading

Polycrystalline panels

Efficiency: 15-18%

Advantages: Lower cost, stability at high temperatures

Disadvantages: Less efficiency, larger size

Thin-film panels

Efficiency: 10-15%

Advantages: Flexibility, lightness, low cost

Disadvantages: Less efficiency, faster aging

Perovskite Panels

Efficiency: 20-25%

Advantages: High efficiency, low production cost

Disadvantages: New technology, lower stability

Installation of solar panels

Installation Steps:

  1. Planning: Power calculation, location selection, permit acquisition
  2. Preparation: Roof cleaning, check structure
  3. Mounting brackets: Installing rails and brackets
  4. Panel installation: Mounting panels on rails
  5. Electrical Work: Connect wires, install inverter
  6. Testing: System functionality check

Factors affecting efficiency:

  • Orientation: South side - optimal
  • Angle of inclination: 30-45° for Ukraine
  • Shading: Minimization of shadow from trees and buildings
  • Ventilation: Distance between panels and roof

Economic efficiency

Cost calculation:

Solar panels

60-70% of the total cost

Inverter

10-15% of the total cost

Assembly

15-20% of the total cost

Additional equipment

5-10% of the total value

Payback period in Ukraine:

  • Green tariff: 5-7 years
  • Self-consumption: 7-10 years
  • With storage: 8-12 years

Frequently asked questions

How do solar panels work?

Photovoltaic panels convert sunlight into electricity through the photoelectric effect. Solar rays eject electrons from silicon atoms, creating an electric current.

How much energy does a solar panel produce?

1 kW of solar panels in Ukraine produces approximately 1000-1200 kWh of energy per year, depending on the region and orientation of the panels.

Do panels work in cloudy weather?

Yes, but with lower efficiency. In cloudy weather, efficiency drops by 50-80%, but panels still produce energy.

How long do solar panels last?

Modern solar panels have a warranty of 25 years and can operate for 30-40 years. Efficiency decreases by about 0.5% per year.