Hydroelectricity Simulator
INTERACTIVE SIMULATOR FOR HYDROENERGY AND HYDROPOWER STATIONS. CALCULATE STATION EFFICIENCY, ENERGY PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY.
Energy output
GEH Power
Usage coefficient
CO₂ Savings
Hydroelectric power
Hydroelectricity is a branch of energy that deals with the use of kinetic and potential energy of water flows to produce electrical energy.
Principle of HES operation:
- Water accumulates in reservoirs
- Water is supplied through pipes to turbines
- Potential energy of water is converted to kinetic
- Turbine rotates under water pressure
- Generator converts mechanical energy to electrical
Advantages of hydroelectric power:
- High efficiency (85-95%)
- Quick Start and Stop
- Frequency control in the network
- Long service term (50+ years)
- Energy Storage Capability
TYPES OF HYDROPOWER STATIONS
Large HES (>100 MW)
Examples:Dnipro HPP, Kakhovka HPP
Advantages:High power, grid regulation
Disadvantages:Great environmental impact
Average GHE (10-100 MW)
Examples:Kremenchuk Hydroelectric Station, Kaniv Hydroelectric Station
Advantages:Balancing power and ecology
Disadvantages:Limited power
Mini GEHs (<10 МВт)
Examples:Local HES on rivers
Advantages: Minimal ecological impact
Disadvantages: Low power
GAES (Hydroaccumulative)
Examples:Kyiv Hydrometcenter, Dnipro Hydrometcenter
Advantages: Energy accumulation
Disadvantages:High cost
Hydroelectric power physics
Power formula:
P = ρ × g × Q × H × η
where:
- P - power (W)
- ρ - density of water (1000 kg/m³)
- g - acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²)
- Q - water loss (m³/s)
- H - pressure (kPa)
- η - efficiency (0.7-0.95)
TURBINE TYPES:
- Frances:For medium pressures (10-300 kPa)
- Kaplan:For low pressures (2-40 m)
- Pelton:For high pressures (100+ bar)
- Bubble:For low pressures (2-20 m)
Ecological impact
Positive aspects:
- Clean energy without CO₂ emissions
- Water level regulation
- Create Reservoirs
- Fishery development
Negative aspects:
- Land flooding
- Ecosystem change
- Fish migration
- Climate change in the region
Mitigation impact:
- Fish passage structures
- Ecological planning
- Ecosystem Monitoring
- Compensation measures
Frequently Asked Questions:
How do hydroelectric stations work?
HESS use the potential energy of water to rotate turbines connected to generators. Water from the reservoir is delivered through pipes to turbines under pressure.
What is the efficiency of hydroelectric stations?
HES efficiency is 85-95%, one of the highest among all types of power plants. This is due to the simplicity of converting water energy into electricity.
Can we regulate GHE production?
Yes, HES have the best regulatory properties. They can quickly change power from 0 to 100% within counted minutes, making them ideal for network regulation.
How does GES affect the environment?
HESS have both positive (clean energy) and negative (flooding, ecosystem change) impacts. Modern HESS are built with environmental requirements and compensation measures in mind.